Two ribosomal subunits have sedimentation coefficients
of 60S and 40S. Assuming that both subunits have spherical shapes
and their densities are equal, calculate the ratio of their
molecular weights ( not with the actual molecular weight
values).
The ribosomal subunits are not covalently bound and are freely
dissociated in the cytoplasm. Explain how the two subunits come
together to successfully initiate translation
What is translation, where does it occur? How many
ribosomal subunits are there, and where are they constructed? What
are the P and A sites? What occurs during initiation, elongation,
and termination and what are the three steps of elongation. What is
the function of the stop codon?
Match the site on the ribosomal subunits (select A, P, or E) to each of the following reaction.
The docking site for N-formylmethionine (fMet) tRNA
Binding site for the uncharged tRNA before it leaves the ribosome Peptidyl transferase center
Decoding center
Binding site for IF-3
Binding site for IF-1
Binding sites for incoming charged tRNA
Binding site for the deacylated tRNA
Binding of the EF-G occurs at this site
Binding site for the tRNA attached to the growing peptide...
A reticulate lysate is a system that contains all the components
required for translation (ribosomal subunits, tRNA, amino acids,
etc) and allows the reaction to be carried out in a test tube. The
polypeptide that is synthesized from the system depends on the
sequence of the RNA. For example adding the RNA 5’AUGUUUUUUUUUUUU
to the lysate directs the synthesis of Met-Phe-Phe-Phe-Phe.
10a. If you add an antibiotic stops translation by specifically
blocking the translocation of tRNA from the A site...
a. Outline the steps of the ribosome cycle. At what stage do the
ribosomal subunits bind to each other? To mRNA? What causes them to
dissociate when protein synthesis is complete? In detail.
b. Outline the steps by which aminoacyl tRNA synthetases charge
tRNAs. How can some organisms get away with having fewer than 20
synthetases, yet still charge tRNAs with all 20 amino acids? In
detail.