Question

briefely describe case-control studies and experimental studies and their importance in healthcare. as well as the critical role IRBs play

Answer 1

Case control study

Case control study is a type of medical research investigation often used to help determine the cause of a disease, particularly when investigating a disease outbreaks or a rare condition

1.retrospective case control study, the researcher look back at data collected in the past, enabling them to test.

2.prospective case control study, less common research studies and involves enrolling a specific cohort study.

Importance of study.

1.need to formulate a hypothesis

2.central tool used by epidemiologist, researcher who look into the factor.

3.relatively quick and easy

4.does not need large number of people

5.overcomes ethical challenge

6.inexpensive

7.shorter in duration

Limitations of study.

1.recall bias

2.cause and effect association

3.sampling bias

Question no 2

Experimental study,

It assigns participants to intervention and control groups in order to examine whether an intervention causes on intended outcome

Importance.

1.they allow for the direct control of variable

2.highly reliable

3.good clinical experimental study are difficult to design and execute.

4.selecting control

5.hawthorne bias

6.blinding or masking- single blinding and double blinding

7.randomization of the samples

8.high level of ethical risk

9.require detailed analysis

Question no 3.

Role of IRB.

1.applies research ethics

2.formally designed to approve/reject,monit moand review biomedical and behavioural research.

3.risk benefit analysis

4.to assure that appropriate steps are taken to protect the right

5.safeguard the rights, safety and well-being of all trial subject

6.often trial protocol/ amendment/ written informed consent

7.reasonable time and document opinion and decision in writing