Capital Budgeting - It is a process used by
organizations to determine and evaluate potential large investments
or expenses. For example, investments which include projects such
as manufacturing a new plant or investing in a long term
venture.
When successful large organizations face big changes in their
environment because of the competitors introducing new technology,
products and strategies, the profits and sales of these
organizations go down and stock value also collapses. All this
happens only because these organizations fail to act quickly and
respond effectively.
Besides Microsoft/Nokia and Sony/Columbia pictures there are
some more examples of capital budgeting decision gone bad:
- Google and Nest - In 2014, Google wanted to
make an entrance into smart homes through the acquisition of Nest
Labs. Nest Labs was a 4 year old start up at that time and was
founded by two ex - Apple engineers ( Tony Fadell and Matt Rogers).
Google acquired Nest Labs for $3.2 billion. At that time, Nest Labs
was very popular for its two successful products namely Nest
thermostat and Nest protect smoke alarm. Things started changing
when Nest was unable to meet Google's annual revenue goals. Product
innovation at Nest Labs stalled because of internal fighting and
politics. Later, both founders departed the organization turning
this deal into a flop.
- Yahoo and Tumblr - In 2013, Yahoo acquired
Tumblr for $1.1 billion. When Yahoo acquired social networking
platform, Tumblr, Yahoo CEO at that time (Marissa Mayer) estimated
that the social networking site, that has been growing rapidly
would help grow Yahoo's audience by 50%. This would help compete
Yahoo with big organizations such as Google and Facebook. However,
by 2015, Tumblr was still unable to generate profits. Marissa Mayer
merged Tumblr's ad sales team with Yahoo's team and gave the team
an unrealistic $100 million sales target for the year which made
many employees leave the organization. When Tumblr still was unable
to meet the target sales, Yahoo called back the integration and
wrote off losses of $712 million from its failed acquisition.