Question

how rh factor abo blood group and white blood cells similar

Answer 1

ABO Blood group:

• Blood groups types, A, B, and O, were discovered by scientist Karl Landsteiner in 1900, and AB type was discovered by Von DE Castello and Adriano Sturli in 1902.
• ABO type of blood group is attributed to the presence of chemically distinguished surface antigens, termed as A antigen and B antigen and a common H antigen (present in all individuals). Correspondingly, individuals have anti A or anti B antibodies in their plasma.
• Thus, ABO system has four groups:

1) A Blood group- has A antigen on the surface of RBC and anti B antibody in plasma.

2) B Blood group- has B antigen on the surface of RBC and anti A antibody in plasma.

3) AB Blood group- has both A and B antigens on the surface of RBC and do not have either anti A or anti B antibodies in plasma.

4) O Blood group- does not have either A antigen or B antigen on the surface of RBC and have both anti A and anti B antibodies in plasma.

• Anti-sera A, anti-sera B (IgM antibodies) are used to observe clumping or agglutination, conducted in room temperatures (as IgM activity is slower at temperature of thirty-seven degrees Celsius).

Rh blood grouping-

• This blood group, was discovered by Karl Landsteiner and A.S Weiner in 1937 in Rhesus monkey. Important factor determining blood grouping is Rh-factor, the presence or absence of which can be used to categorize individuals as Rh positive or Rh negative.
• Anti-sera D (IgG) antibodies are used for this purpose.

WBC:

• Cells of immune response refers to white blood cells (WBC) or leukocytes.
• B-lymphocytes (designated from Bursa of Fabricus in birds, which matures within bone marrow) bears B-cell receptors or BCRs.
• Each B lymphocyte expresses a unique antigen-binding receptor on their surface membrane called immunoglobulin (Ig) molecule or antibody.
• If the membrane bounded antibody encounters an antigen (with corresponding antigen determinant or epitope), the naïve B-lymphocytes differentiates into memory B-cells and effector B cells (or plasma cells). Plasma cells release antibodies.
• Antibodies, released to the plasma, tissue fluid and lymph, contribute to humoral immunity.

Similarly blood grouping system ABO or RH is associated with antigens generating antisera or antibodies.

Thus, all three are similar.