Question

What are the differences between centralization and decentralization? Which style should be used in the organizing and maintaining police forces

Answer 1

Centralization and Decentralization are the two systems, that are found in organizations, government, management and even in purchasing.

Centralization: Centralization means that the power of planning and decision making are exclusive to the top management. It refers to the concentration of all the powers at the peak level.

Decentralization: Decentralization is the distribution of powers by the top management to the middle and low-level management. It is the giving of authority, at all the levels of management.

Differences between the two are:

Centralization	Decentralization
Systematic and consistent arrangement of authority.	Dispersal of authority.
A vertical flow of communication.	A free and open flow of communication.
Systematic but slow decision making.	Faster decision making.
Proper coordination and Leadership.	Burden and responsibility sharing.
Top management has the power of decision making.	Multiple people have the power of decision making.
Control over the organization is inadequate.	Considerable control of the organization.
Suited for a small organization.	Suited for a large sized organization.

• For the organizing and maintenance of Police Forces, "Decentralization" is better suited because the police are more likely to take quick decisions and act on it as soon as possible for the execution of justice. A Centralized approach to decision making will slow down the working and may hamper the justified action against the case in hand. Having decisive power in hand, a person can take required actions in a situation without waiting for orders. This can save many lives and stop a lot of mishappenings. ​​Decentralization also allows better communication helping teamwork and quicker execution of requirements. This also enables one to know what other fellow cops are doing and communicating with them, allowing a better grip on the situation.