Question

Biochemistry-Know the differences between catabolic and anabolic processes (what they do, what is used/produced, which is exergonic/endergonic, etc.).

Answer 1

Metabolic process is divided into two general types;

1.Catabolism

2.Anabolism

Anabolic process

• All anabolic process are constructive, using basic molecules within an organism, which then create compounds that are more specialized and complex.
• Anabolism produces complex materials from simpler ones.
• At a cellular level, anabolism uses monomers to form polymers, resulting in the formation of more complex molecules.
• The process requires ATP as a form energy, converting kinetic energy into potential energy.
• It considered as endergonic process, meaning it is a non-spontaneous reaction, that requires energy.
• Anabolic process do not use oxygen.
• The process uses up energy to create the end product, such as tissues, and organs.
• Anabolic hormones are Estrogen, Testosterone, Growth hormone, Insulin etc.
• Photosynthesis in plants is an example for anabolic process.

Catabolic process

• Catabolism is all the chemical reactions that breakdown molecules.
• Catabolic process on the other hand are destructive, where more complex compounds are breakdown.
• Here energy is released in the form of ATP or heat - instead of consuming energy as in anabolism.
• It considerd as exergonic process that release energy.
• Catabolic process utilizes oxygen.
• Here potential energy converted into kinetic energy.
• Catabolic process act to break down many different polysaccharides, such as glycogen, starches and cellulose.
• Catabolic hormones are Adrenaline, Glucagon, Cytokines, Cortisol etc.
• Digestion and excretion are example for catabolic process.