Question

1. Explain blood pressure; systolic and diastolic, correct posistion etc.

2. Why would it be more important to do a blood pressure mannually than with a machine.

3. Explain the difference between hypertension and hypotension - what are some signs and sympotoms of each? Treatments?

Answer 1

Blood Pressure:It is the pressure exerted on the walls of blood vessels by the circulating blood.The pressure will vary according to the heart pumping and the thickness of blood vessels. Normally the range will be 80/120.slight variations are possible according to personal.

Systollic blood pressure:when the heart beats it will squeeze and push blood through the blood vessels. That exert some pressure on the blood vessels. That is the systolic BP and its normal range is 120-140.

Diastolic blood pressure:it is the pressure on the blood vessels when heart fills blood or rest.The range may vary from 70-90.

Normal values:120/80-140-90

Why manual is required instead of automatic machine.:manual method is more accurate. Some studies in ICU shows that automatic machine showing high BP compared to manual.

Symptoms &treatment of hypertention:Narrow blood vessels causes hypertention. Early detection is necessary by checking BP with sphygmomanometer.During worst condition headache, bleeding in the nose,stroke etc may occur.

Treatment include diet control in primary hypertention to antihypertensive drugs in secondary and tertiary hypertention such as beta blockers,calcium channel blockers,diuretics,ACE inhibitors,Angiotensin II inhibitors etc.

Symptoms & treatment of hypotension:Hypotension causes dizziness, pale skin,fatigue, vomiting, dehydration, blurred vision etc.

Treatment mainly include dietary intake of salts.drink more water.

Fludrocortizone,midodrine etc can be used as medication