Question

(matlab) Since the problem is fairly complex, it may be better to complete & debug the program offline, then submit in Grader.

In this exercise you will complete a simplified program to play a hand of Blackjack. The goal is to complete a modular program using local and anonymous functions. Although there are several functions that must be written, they are all quite short and simple, just 1 to 4 lines. The most important learning objective is to understand how function definitions and function calls fit together.

PART 1: At the bottom of the template, complete the following local functions:

deal_hand() function

This function will generate a hand of two cards by generating two random numbers between 1 and 13.

Input argument: None

Output argument: A row vector of 2 integers between 1 and 13.

The body of the function can be implemented in a single line using the Matlab built-in function randi(). (NOTE: we are making a simplifying assumption that we have an infinite deck of cards, so we don’t have to keep track of which cards have already been dealt.)

To deal two cards, each having a value between 1 and 13, the form of the function is:

hand = randi (13, 1, 2);

display_hand() function

This function will display a blackjack hand to the screen.

input argument: a row vector containing the hand as described in 1.

output argumen: None

The contents of the display_hand() function will be as follows:

Define a row vector with characters representing the card values, like so:

cards = ['A','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','T','J','Q','K'];

(this can also be written more compactly as cards='A23456789TJQK')

NOTE: Each card is represented by a single character; thus ‘T’ is used for 10.

The character corresponding to a card value is accessed by indexing. For example if the card is a ten, the corresponding character using can be displayed by:

fprintf(‘%c’,cards(10))

The entire hand can be displayed with a single fprintf() call as follows:

fprintf(‘%c ’,cards(hand))

Once the hand has been displayed, print a new line using

fprintf(‘\n’)

score_hand()function

This function calculates the score of a blackjack hand.

Input argument: a hand (row vector of numbers between 1 and 13)

Output argument: the score corresponding to that hand of cards

To keep it simple, we will only allow the Ace to have a value of 1. (Allowing it to have either a value of 1 or 11 depending on context is a challenge problem that you can try after you have the rest of the game working.)

With this restriction, the value of the card is equal to the number representing the card, with the exception of face cards (11, 12, and 13), which are worth 10. You can use the min() function and the sum()function to sum the values of the cards while limiting each card to an upper value of 10.

Since the simplified score_hand() function only requires one line of code, it can be implemented via an in-line (anonymous) function. Try implementing it that way. It can be defined anywhere in the script before it is called for the first time.

deal_card() function

This function adds a card to an existing hand. Generate a single card using randi(), and use concatenation to add it to the existing hand. For example,

new_hand = [existing_hand new_card];

Input argument: a hand (row vector of numbers between 1 and 13)

Output argument: a hand consisting of the input hand with one additional card added to it.

PART 2: Add calls to your user-defined functions in the appropriate places of the template script. So that you don't have to think much about the logic of the game for this exercise, we have provided the looping and branching code.

(Script)

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

%to make an anonymous function for score_hand()

%complete this line:

score_hand = %code to calculate the score

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

%Testing the functions

testScore = score_hand(deal_card(deal_hand()));

testLength1=length(deal_hand());

testLength2=length(deal_card(deal_hand()));

disp('Blackjack:')

display_hand([1,13]);

%The main things that your program has to do are:

%

% Deal the cards

% Display the hand

% Calculate the score and store in the variable player_score or

% dealer_score

% display the score

%

%The other logic (when to quit the game, etc.) is already built into the

%template

%****************************************************

% ENTER YOUR CODE BETWEEN THE %XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX LINES.

%

%****************************************************

dealer_score = 0; %initialize dealer score so grader doesn't fail if player busts

disp('Your hand:')

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

% Deal the player's initial cards, score the hand, display the hand, display the score

player_score = 0; %Replace the 0 with a function call

fprintf('Score = %i\n', player_score);

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

hit = 1; %flag that says deal another card

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

%CHANGE THE FOLLOWING LINE AFTER YOU HAVE COMPLETED THE REST OF THE SCRIPT

%CHANGE THE 1 TO A 0

busted = 1; %flag that says player is not busted

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

while busted == 0 && hit == 1 && player_score < 21

% Since this game does not use user input, use a semi-intelligent

% algorithm to decide whether the player hits:

% if his score is <15, definitely hit

% if his score is >18, do not hit

% if his score is between 15 and 18, generate a random number

% to decide if he hits.

hit = player_score<15 || 15+randi(4)>player_score;

if hit == 1

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

% Deal one more card and calculate the score and display the hand

% and the score

fprintf('Score = %i\n', player_score); %display the score

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

if player_score > 21

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

% The player is busted and stops playing. Display a losing

% message

busted = 1;

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

end

end

end

if busted == 0

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

% Deal the dealer a separate hand, score it, then show it

disp('Dealer''s hand:')

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

while (dealer_score < player_score) && (dealer_score < 21)

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

%Deal the dealer a new card and calculate his score and display his

%new hand

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

end

if dealer_score > 21

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

% Show that the player wins

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

else

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

%Show that the dealer wins

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

end

end

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

%Complete these local functions

%Add input & output arguments as needed

function [] = deal_hand()

end

function [] = deal_card()

end

function [] = display_hand()

cards = 'A23456789TJQK';

end

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Answer 1

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

%to make an anonymous function for score_hand()

%complete this line:

score_hand = @(x) sum(min(x,10)); %code to calculate the score

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

%Testing the functions

testScore = score_hand(deal_card(deal_hand()));
testLength1=length(deal_hand());
testLength2=length(deal_card(deal_hand()));

disp('Blackjack:')

display_hand([1,13]);

%The main things that your program has to do are:

%

% Deal the cards

% Display the hand

% Calculate the score and store in the variable player_score or

% dealer_score

% display the score

%

%The other logic (when to quit the game, etc.) is already built into the

%template

%****************************************************

% ENTER YOUR CODE BETWEEN THE %XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX LINES.

%

%****************************************************

dealer_score = 0; %initialize dealer score so grader doesn't fail if player busts

disp('Your hand:');

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

% Deal the player's initial cards, score the hand, display the hand, display the score
player_hand = deal_hand();
display_hand(player_hand);
player_score = score_hand(player_hand); %Replace the 0 with a function call

fprintf('Score = %i\n', player_score);

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

hit = 1; %flag that says deal another card

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

%CHANGE THE FOLLOWING LINE AFTER YOU HAVE COMPLETED THE REST OF THE SCRIPT

%CHANGE THE 1 TO A 0

busted = 0; %flag that says player is not busted

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

while busted == 0 && hit == 1 && player_score < 21

% Since this game does not use user input, use a semi-intelligent

% algorithm to decide whether the player hits:

% if his score is <15, definitely hit

% if his score is >18, do not hit

% if his score is between 15 and 18, generate a random number

% to decide if he hits.

hit = player_score<15 || 15+randi(4)>player_score;

if hit == 1

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

% Deal one more card and calculate the score and display the hand

% and the score
player_hand = deal_card(player_hand);
display_hand(player_hand);
player_score = score_hand(player_hand);
fprintf('Score = %i\n', player_score); %display the score

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

if player_score > 21

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

% The player is busted and stops playing. Display a losing

% message
disp('Player has lost the game');
busted = 1;

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

end

end

end

if busted == 0

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

% Deal the dealer a separate hand, score it, then show it

disp('Dealer''s hand:');
dealer_hand = deal_hand();
display_hand(dealer_hand);
dealer_score = score_hand(dealer_hand);
%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

while (dealer_score < player_score) && (dealer_score < 21)

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

%Deal the dealer a new card and calculate his score and display his

%new hand
dealer_hand = deal_card(dealer_hand);
dealer_score = score_hand(dealer_hand);
display_hand(dealer_hand);
fprintf('Score = %i\n', dealer_score); %display the score
%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

end

if dealer_score > 21

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

% Show that the player wins
disp('Player wins');
%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

else

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

%Show that the dealer wins
disp('Dealer wins');
%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

end

end

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

%Complete these local functions

%Add input & output arguments as needed

function [hand] = deal_hand()
hand = randi (13, 1, 2);
end

function [newHand] = deal_card(hand)
new_card = randi(13,1,1);
newHand = [hand new_card];
end

function [] = display_hand(hand)

cards = 'A23456789TJQK';
fprintf('%c ',cards(hand));
fprintf('\n');
end

%XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

%end of script

Output: