Question

Please explain step by step what is going on each step

Also show how the output is coming. I would rate positively.

Thank you so much .

#include     <stdio.h>  
#include   <string.h>
  
int   main()  
{  
       char   buffer[16],   *pos;  
       printf("Enter   string:   ");  
       if   (!(fgets(buffer,sizeof(buffer),stdin)))   {  
                   printf("End   of   file\n");  
                   return   0;  
       }  
       printf("Length   of   %s   is   %lu   \n",buffer,strlen(buffer));  
       if   ((pos=strchr(buffer,   '\n'))   !=   NULL)  
                   *pos   =   '\0';      
       printf("Length   of   %s   is   now   %lu   \n",buffer,strlen(buffer));  
       return(0);  
}  

Answer 1

Explanation:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
  
int main()
{
// Below declaring a string (character array of size 16 characters) and one pointer variable
char buffer[16], *pos;
printf("Enter string: ");
// check whether we are giving a string or EOF((ctrl + d) for end of file in terminal) character.
if (!(fgets(buffer,sizeof(buffer),stdin))) {

  // if we tap (ctrl + d) the above condition satisfies, we print ""End of file" and we end the execution.
printf("End of file\n");
return 0;
}

// in buffer[16] we can store 15 characters and extra one space is for storing null character('\0')
// printing the entered string and length of buffer   
printf("Length of %s is %lu \n",buffer,strlen(buffer));
// If enter string contain \n we are removing the '\n' at the end of the input line
// strchr returns pointer to the first occurrence of the character given(\n) and we are replace it with end of character(\0)
if ((pos=strchr(buffer, '\n')) != NULL)
*pos = '\0';

// printing the entered string and actual length of string after removing \n      
printf("Length of %s is now %lu \n",buffer,strlen(buffer));
return(0);
}

Input & Output:

case 1:

Enter   string:   Hai Welcome                                                                                       

Length   of   Hai Welcome                                                                                           

   is   12                                                                                                          

Length   of   Hai Welcome   is   now   11   

case 2:

Enter (ctrl + d) after run it shows below output.

Enter   string:   End   of   file  

case 3:

Enter   string:   abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz                                                                        

Length   of   abcdefghijklmno   is   15                                                                             

Length   of   abcdefghijklmno   is   now   15   

In case 3 we don't have '\n' , so the length is same in two cases.