Question

Managing Linux Servers (Apache, Samba, DNS,

1. What is the Apache directive that specifies the base directory for configuration and log files?

2. Once you’ve modified httpd.conf, what command would make Apache reread this file, without kicking off currently connected users?

3. What directive specifies the TCP/IP port associated with Apache?

4. What ports must be open for a Samba server to work with remote systems?

6. What samba configuration steps are required for mapping a Windows user to a Linux user?

7. From a nfs server, how would you allow readonly access to /opt for any system in example.com?

8. How would you instruct a DNS server to respond only to queries from the 137.44.* IP range?

9. What is pNFS ?

10. What do you understand by "nfsstat --nfs --server -3" command?

11. How to retrieve a list of clients connected to the NFS server ?

14. What is a difference between Apache and Nginx web server?

15. Explain Bind chroot environment ?

20. Can Samba be a member of more than one workgroup at the same time?

Answer 1

1. The ServerRoot directive sets the default directory for the Apache server . Any of the files and Directories otherwise configured or configured as a relative directory   are set relative to ServerRoot.

2. There are 3 ways to make Apache reread the configuration without kicking off currently connected users by using commands below

• Apachectl graceful
• /ect/init.d/httpd reload
• Service httpd reload

3. The Listen directive specifies the TCP port associated with Apache in the system.

4. To open for a Samba server to work with remote systems, the following ports must be open

• The Port 389 (TCP) – for LDAP (Active Directory Mode),
• The Port 445 (TCP) – NetBIOS was moved to 445 after 2000 and beyond, (CIFS),
• The Port 901 (TCP) – for SWAT service (not related to client communication)

6. For this you have to” Set the username map parameter in smb.conf to point to the map file, frequently /etc/samba/smbusers, and assign a Samba password to the user”

7. Place the following line in “ /etc/exports: /opt *.example.com(ro,sync)” in the command line to get Access.

8. Add the following line to the Options clause in “/etc/bind/named.conf: allow-query { 137.44.0.0/24 };” to Instruct DNS server.

9. pNFS means Parallel Network File System is the part of the NFS v4.1 protocol that allows compute clients to access storage devices directly and in parallel. And it mostly uses in remote systems.

10. It will show statistics for NFS version 3 server

11. To retrieve a list of clients connected to the NFS server netstat -a | grep nf

15. By running bind in a chroot environment means named process will be limited to their directory only (/var/named/chroot). By doing this can help improve system security by placing BIND in a ”sandbox”, which will limit the damage done if a server is compromised.

20. No, Samba can be a member of only one workgroup.