Question

discuss the historical importance of the Columbian Exchange, in terms of the spread of plants, animals, and diseases, for THREE different parts of the world

discuss the motivations of TWO of the following empires to expand their territorial reach in the 1450-1750 period, making sure to note the specific areas they conquered: China's Qing dynasty, Russia Empire, Mughal Empire, Ottoman Empire

4 detailed sentences or more for both.

Answer 1

Columbian exchange involves the exchange of commodities, goods and spread of diseases to different countries. Christopher columbus exchanged horses, plants and spread of disease to new world countries and potato, sugar, tobacco and chocolate to the old world countries. Mercantilism promotes the transfer goods and commodities with exchange for gold and silver and not allowing free trade without any commodity returns across european countries. These exchanges took place between America and Europe/Africa. There was a thriving trade of tobacco in Europe and America where it was used for smoking and for treating skin infections. Christopher Columbus traded various animals like horses, pigs and sheep to the new world countries included in the Columbian exchange.Horses were used for hunting other animals. There was a spread of various diseases like mumps, chicken-pox , measles and small pox. It got transmitted from one person to another as they migrated from Africa to USA in the form of slaves to be used in trade, labor construction and agricultural farming of tobacco. Chocolate , cocoa, pepper and chillies were also exchanged between Europe and native people in America.

China Qing dynasty was the last imperial dynasty in China. It was led by Manchu invaders. There was a formation of alliance between Ming dynasty and Manchu tribes and more than half of the officials belonged to manchu tribes who ruled over China. They adopted the Confucian approach for ruling their dynasty.Kangxi emperor ruled during this period. There was an opium was between Qing and British people which opened the region for trade with other countries. There was a rise i ntaiping rebellion after this.

Russian empire was ruled by an autocratic government. It started with the fulfillment of masovite movement and dominancy over other regions in Europe and Asia. In 1721, it was ruled by Peter the Great. There was a war with the Ottoman empire for many years with many more ruling kings in Russia.

Mughal empire- It was present in India from 1556-1721 years in the ancient history. They mixed the Persian-Islamic culture with the Indian tradition. The rulers include Babur, Humanyun and Akbar. Akbar took into confidence many high ranked Indian people and gave them vary high positions in return for revelation of important facts and details about various regions in India.

Ottoman empire- It was created by Turkish tribes in Anatolia. It took place in 1481 after mixing with the Byzantium empire. Osman I along with kayi tribes entered Anatolia along with Oguz nomads.