Question

A school psychologist wants to examine the effects of excessive television viewing on reading ability. It is known that the average number of words read per minute for a fourth grade student is µ =52. The psychologist has students log the number of hours one watches TV for two weeks. Fifteen students who average 3 or more hours of television viewing each night are selected to participate in the study. Can the school psychologist conclude that excessive television viewing decreases reading ability? Use the reading data below to analyze in StatCrunch or SPSS. Test at the .05 level.

Reading
53
46
44
38
57
52
37
34
38
50
51
46
45
39
49

Step 1: Develop Hypotheses:

a.     Independent Variable =                                                  Scale: Categorical           Quantitative          (1.5 pts)

b.    Dependent Variable =                                                     Scale: Categorical           Quantitative          (1.5 pts)

c.     Circle:     One-tailed       Two-tailed (.05 pt

d.    Alternative hypothesis in sentence form (1 pt).                                                                                                                                                      

e.     Null hypothesis in sentence form (1 pt).   

f.     Write the alternative and null hypotheses using correct notation (2 pts)

                                                     H₁:                                                                H₀:                                                                                                                         

Step 2: Establish significance criteria (.05 pt)

g.     a =

Step 3: Calculate test statistic, effect size, confidence interval

h.    t_calculated =                                                           Level of significance (p) =                                                                   (1 pt)                         

i.     Decision:      reject null     or                   fail to reject null                                                 (1 pt

j.     Calculate effect size =                                                                                                                                                        (2 pts)                                                                                                                               

k.    Determine the 99% confidence interval:                                                                                                                                                         (1 pt)                                                                                                                                                                                                     

Step 4: Draw conclusion

l.     Write your conclusion in sentence form including appropriate results notation (3 pts).

Answer 1

Step 1: Develop Hypotheses:

a.     Independent Variable =Hours of television viewing each night  

Scale:Ratio level and Quantitative variable    

b.    Dependent Variable = The average number of words read per minute

Scale:Ratio level and Quantitative variable

c. One-tailed   

d.    Alternative hypothesis in sentence form :Null hypothesis in sentence form: he average number of words read per minute for a population of fourth grade student is µ <52.

e. Null hypothesis in sentence form: he average number of words read per minute for a population of fourth grade student is µ =52.

f. NULL HYPOTHESIS H0

ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS Ha:

g: Level of significance =0.05

h: t calculated= -3.81

P VALUE= 0.001 (One tailed)

Since P value smaller than 0.05 therefore REJECT H0

i: REJECT NULL HYPOTHESIS

j: Effect size=

=45.27-52/6.83

= -1.07

99% confidence interval is (-10.521,-2.9457) By using SPSS table

Conclusion: We have sufficient evidence to show that excessive television viewing decreases reading ability at 0.05 level of significance.