Question

Discuss the historical view of religion from a sociological perspective. What is the ultimate goal of all religions? Is there really a separation between state and religion? How would life be without religion? Thomas Paine, a political activist, stated that "All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian or Turkish appear to me no other than human inventions set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power and profit". Do you agree or disagree with his statement? Explain. Is religion beneficial or a hindrance to our society? Modern-day sociologists often apply one of three major theoretical perspectives to understand religion. Which of the three theories do you feel better explains the concept of religion in our society and why?

Answer 1

As societies became civilized, there arose a need for a common identity to unite people and help them engage in moral activities. This helped them invent religions because earlier, human being worshipped things in the nature because they were scared and couldn’t understand them. Almost all the cultures treated them as gods and introduced religions with unseen gods. The fear of the unknown and the fear of punishment from an unknown phenomenon made people listen to religious teachings. However, over a period of time it became obvious that religions do more harm than good which made the states to treat them as private affairs. Enlightenment and age of reasoning with scientific inventions changed the role of religion to mere ritualistic. They lost their significance as most of the countries chose to remain secular. Conflict perspective suggests that the society is in a perpetual conflict for the limited resources available where social order is maintained not through consensus but through domination. This would mean that religions are one of the most important social institutions that oppress and dominate the common men by threatening them with sins and keeping them in guilty feelings. However, religions helped in developing moral and ethical codes in the society that became laws in many countries and they also acted as a solace to common people who needed someone to strengthen and listen to them.

Thank you for your question. Please rate if you like the answer.