timber construction industry challenges

For a position vector d=(-7.1i+-0.1j)m, determine the x-component of the unit vector.

For a position vector d=(-7.1i+-0.1j)m, determine the y-component of the unit vector.

The direction of a 454.7 lb force is defined by the unit vector u₁=cos(30°)i+sin(30°)j. Determine the x-component of the force vector.

Q3. A multistorey building is constructed in Al Seeb near old Muscat international airport. All the structural work like (foundations, beams, columns, slabs and walls) of the building was completed. Now they want to start the exterior work like (plastering and painting of the whole building) to complete the building.   

a. Write any four type of scaffolding suitable for the above construction.   

b. Explain briefly the four types of scaffolding mentioned in the above question with neat sketch and label its parts.

c. How to set the complete procedure of the scaffolding for the multistoried building?

d. Write any three points about the advantages of steel scaffolding over the timber scaffolding

Please paraphrase or rewrite me this text.
please do not use paraphrasing or rewriting tool

The effect of internal curing in the compressive strength depends on the specific
mixture proportions, curing conditions and testing age. (Bentz et al., 2011 pp. 31)

Use of the LWA will decrease the compressive strength of the concrete in the beginning
of its age. That is expected because the specific gravity of the LWA is lower, therefore
leading to lower strength compared to concrete with normal weight aggregate. Previous
studies have shown though, that the long-term compressive strength will increase when
internal curing is used, so it is likely that concrete with LWA has a higher long-term
compressive strength than concrete with normal weight aggregate. (Kerby, 2010 pp. 10)

Although the internal curing might improve the strength of the paste by providing
additional water to the hydration process, the weakening effect by the weaker and softer
aggregate can affect more to the overall behaviour, reducing the strength. (Schlitter et
al., 2010 pp. 139)

1. What are the purposes of the amendment in REA1967 - Registration of Engineers Act 1967 (Revised 2015). List at least FIVE purposes. [10 marks]

2. What are the differences between Professional Engineer and Professional Engineer with Practising Certificate as mention in REA 1967 ? [10 marks]

a) Why is the Screen3 air quality model needed?

b) What kind of information about air quality can be obtained by using Screen3 model?

c) What are the differences between Gauss dispersion model and screen3 model?

d) What can the screen3 model do without the Gauss model?

Explain the complete desigining procedure for determination of required amount of water for irrigation purpose at head of a field. sketches also required?

A 5-kN horizontal load acts on the column shown in Figure Q3 at a location of 1.7 m above the ground level. 50 kN Elev. 0.0 GWT-Elev.-1.1 m Elev.-2.0 m_ Figure Q3 (1) Determine a suitable footing size, using the following information: The site soil is granular soil with an angle of friction 20°, a unit weight of 16.5kN/m (above the groundwater table) and a saturated unit weight of 19.8 16.5kN/m3: Factor of safety FS-2.5; (2) If the horizontal load were increased to 10-kN, what would be the footing size? (3) If the ground water table subsides to a depth outside the foundation influence zone, what would be the factor of safety of the footing you designed in (1)? (Hint: You may want to design a square footing)

1 A baseline design is the same as the final design?

(A) True (B) Cost False

2 For the example of the firewater design we talked about in the lectures, if we said the water pump pressure must be greater than 60 psi when tested monthly, we would be establishing a:

(A) FEL requirement (B) TPM

(C) cost

(D) None of the above

3 If we are talking about step 2.1.3 in a system, we are talking about a step that is two levels down:

1.       True
2.       False   

4 Specifications that are set too tight are referred as “overdesigning” and risk driving costs too high:

1.       True
2.       False  

5 Sub-systems within an architecture should be designed so that if one component fails, it impacts all the other components and the system as a whole:

1.       True
2.       False

    6 When a system fails it is likely because a single person made a mistake:

1.       True
2.       False

    7 BP’s Deepwater disaster had multiple causes for the failure?

1.       True
2.       False

    8 If you were leading a meeting that was to Define the Problem, circle all the topics that you would put on the agenda (there are two solutions):

1. Identification of the “need”
2. Discussion of who the contractors will be
3. Discussion of who the customer is and what they want
4. Functional analysis
5. A discussion of a proposed detailed design solution

     9 It is never appropriate to go back and re-visit the problem definition when you are in the functional analysis step of a system design?

1.       True
2.       False

10 How many barriers were stated to be breached and that led to the Deepwater disaster?

1. One
2. Four
3. Five
4. None
5. Eight

11 As we work a project through the systems engineering process, which of the following are things we would be doing? (There is more than one answer!)

1. Ensuring traceability of technical performance measures
2. Ensuring the process is followed closely and without skipping steps
3. Emphasizing picking the final design as quickly as possible
4. Allowing for re-consideration of issues raised earlier in the process such as in the problem definition step
5. Ensuring documentation for each step is being done
6. Ensuring there is total cost visibility of each option being considered in tradeoff studies

12 One key reason for allowing feedback to the original “problem definition” is that it could lead the process to an entirely different solution?

1.       True
2.       False

13 Circle all the reasons why it is important to consider the entire life cycle of a system’s design (there is more than one answer):

1. To ensure all the costs for various alternatives are known
2. To ensure you’ve designed for “disposability”
3. 14 psi
4. 15 psi

14 In the system engineering process, the step immediately after defining the problem is:

1. Do a functional analysis
2. Identify and prioritize TPM’s
3. Do a feasibility analysis
4. Explore the maintenance and support concept
5. None of the above

15 The systems engineering design process can be thought of as a:

1. A “best practice” built from past engineering design experiences including their faults and failures:
2. One of a number of different work processes that all give the same result
3. A way of maximizing the cost of doing a project
4. A way of minimizing the cost of doing a project

aDescribe the methods of construction plant and equipment used to erect steel and concrete frames. You must evidence including images and/or drawings of the construction plant and equipment and a statement of the advantages and disadvantages of each.

b Explain the use of steel and concrete frames in superstructures construction. You should include the use of steel and concrete in the context of merits and de-merits including the levels of skilled labour required, lifting and placement requirements and safe working access

c With superstructures comes the height associated with building above ground level.Explain the hazards and risks associated with superstructure activities.This should build on the evidence for Task a and b for this project.

a Describe different type of forms of substructure commonly used for commercial and industrial civil engineering project. You must explain the use of piling or rafts (sheet, contiguous and secant) foundation and deep drainage techniques for use with service ducts in this foundation project.

b Describe how drainage is integrated into substructures.

c Describe how utilities are integrated into the substructures. This should include deep reinforced concrete culverts and plant rooms, service ducting, cable trenching and service ducts. This should build on the evidence for Task a and Task b.

d explain the hazards and risks associated with substructure activities. This should build on the evidence for Taska, b and c for this project.

a)Explain and Identify the earthwork activities carried out when performing, deep excavation and cuttings. The works must be identify the location for public utility given by public utility provider. You must illustrate and explain the different type of plants used during excavation, supporting system and falsework required to provide in safe working environment in various sub-soils condition.

b)Describe different type of methods for controlling groundwater. You must describe a range of methods of groundwater control during the deep excavation, for example sump pumping, dewatering and land drainage.

Q.1. Design a simply supported slab for a room of size Lx (m) X Ly (m) one end continuous to support a live load of 300 psf. Take a concrete of strength 4000 psi and steel of strength 60000 psi. Show the cross section of slab with reinforcement details.                                    

                                                                                                                                             

NOTES : data given below in the table

Lx (m)	Ly (m)
5.5	12

Q.1. Design a simply supported slab for a room of size Lx (m) X Ly (m) one end continuous to support a live load of 300 psf. Take a concrete of strength 4000 psi and steel of strength 60000 psi. Show the cross section of slab with reinforcement details.                                    

                                                                                                                                             

Lx (m)	Ly (m)
4.25	8.5

Q.1. Design a simply supported slab for a room of size Lx (m) X Ly (m) one end continuous to support a live load of 300 psf. Take a concrete of strength 4000 psi and steel of strength 60000 psi. Show the cross section of slab with reinforcement details.                                    

                                                                                                                                             

NOTES : Student will take data given below in the table against their name.

Lx (m)	Ly (m)
3.5	7.5