Question

Describe the Expectancy theory and motivation concept.

1. What is it?

2. What are its main arguments and predictions?

3. How to apply it in an organization?

Answer 1

1. Expectancy Theory and motivation concept is basically focused on the motivation of an employee. It fully depends upon the outcome of employees that how much that employee want a reward during his work time in organisation, how much an employee done assessment which is given to him for checking his efforts that will lead to the expected performance of the employee, and how much employee believe that his performance lead him to the reward.

In this theory, reward is known as Valence, expected performance of employee named as expectancy and believe of employees for his performance to get reward is named as instrumental.

Valence is associated with an individual about his expected outcome.

Expectancy is associated with the faith of the employee that he will get the reward. Employee have faith that his better efforts will absolutely lead to better performance. Motivation is very much important at this time.

Instrumentality is associated with the level of faith of the employee about his efforts to have better performance.

2.. some of the main arguments for expectancy Theory are as follows -

It is fully based on the self interest of an individual who seriously wants to achieve the maximum level of satisfaction in his life including personal and professional both.

This theory have its full emphasis on the rewards and all other pay offs given to employees

This theory fully focus on the psychological status of an individual where an individual's ultimate objective is to attain maximum pleasure/satisfaction and minimum pain/dissatisfaction.

Some Predictions related to expectancy Theory and motivation concept is as follows -

• This theory seems to be idealistic as very few people highly correlates performance and rewards.
• The implementation or application of this theory is very limited as all organisation didn't give rewards based on performance only. There are other parameters also in order to provide rewards to the employees like position, education, responsibilities, efforts and many more.

3.. For the application of expectancy Theory and motivation concept, organisation need to be fully focused on the employees performance only in order to provide them respective rewards.

The managers of the organisation need to correlate outcome of any work of an employee to his performance level for that particular work.

Performance of each employee need to be closely accessed by his head.

The motivation level of an employee need to be accessed by his head by using various assessments or any activity etc.

Challenging tasks need to be given to employees in order to check their level of efforts .