Question

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In a sentence or two each, provide examples of each of the following terms and explain why the example illustrates the related concept. Do not use examples from the text but use critical thinking to make up your own. (1 point each)

1. Independent events
2. Dependent events
3. Complementary events
4. Union of events
5. Intersection of events

Answer 1

(1)

Independent events:

Consider tossing a coin 2 times.

Let

Event A = getting Head in first toss.

Event B = getting Head in second toss

Since getting Head in second toss is in no way affected by the outcome of first toss,Events A and B are independent.

(2)

Suppose we draw 2 cards from a deck of 52 cards. Drawing a Heart in the second draw depends on the outcome of first draw.Thus, the 2   events: Getting Heart in first draw and Getting Heart in second draw are dependent events.

(c)

Two events A and B are Complementary Events when one event occurs if and only if the other does not. For example, Rolling a 5 or greater and Rolling a 4 or less on a die are complementary events because a Roll is 5 or greater if and only if it is 4 or less.

(d)

The probability that Event A or B occur is the probability of the union of A and B.

Suppose the probability of selecting a fiction book = 0.4. The probability of selecting a poetry book = 0.2. So, Probability of selecting a fiction book or poetry book = 0.4 + 0.2 = 0.6

(e)

Intersection of events: The probability that both events occur is the intersection of the events. For example, probability ofselecting both fiction book and poetry book = 0.4 X0.2 = 0.08