Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Analyze each categorical proposition by doing the following: Identify the subject term and predicate term of...

Analyze each categorical proposition by doing the following: Identify the subject term and predicate term of each proposition; identify each categorical proposition ( A-proposition; E-proposition; I-proposition; O-proposition); identify the correct quantity ( universal or particular); identify the correct quality ( affirmative or negative); identify the correct distribution (subject term distributed; predicate term distributed; both terms distributed; or neither term distributed).

Categorical proposition 21
Some space heaters are not safe products.

Reference: Ref 5-21


The categorical proposition is an:

A.

A-proposition

B.

E-proposition

C.

O-proposition

D.

I-proposition

Solutions

Expert Solution

categorical proposition, or categorical statement, is a proposition that asserts or denies that all or some of the members of one category (the subject term) are included in another (the predicate term).

The Ancient Greeks such as Aristotleidentified four primary distinct types of categorical proposition and gave them standard forms (now often called A, E, I, and O). If, abstractly, the subject category is named S and the predicate category is named P, the four standard forms are:

  • All S are P. (A form)
  • No S are P. (E form)
  • Some S are P. (I form)
  • Some S are not P. (O form)

Surprisingly, a large number of sentences may be translated into one of these canonical forms while retaining all or most of the original meaning of the sentence. Greek investigations resulted in the so-called square of opposition, which codifies the logical relations among the different forms; for example, that an A-statement is contradictory to an O-statement; that is to say, for example, if one believes "All apples are red fruits," one cannot simultaneously believe that "Some apples are not red fruits." Thus the relationships of the square of opposition may allow immediate inference, whereby the truth or falsity of one of the forms may follow directly from the truth or falsity of a statement in another form.


Related Solutions

Represent with the language of First Order Predicate Logic the following proposition: "If S is an...
Represent with the language of First Order Predicate Logic the following proposition: "If S is an arbitrary set of objects for which there is an associative binary operation * (function) with the following two properties: (1) for every pair of objects 'a' and 'b' from S there exists and object 'c' such that a * b = c (left solution property), then there exists in S an object 'e' such that e * x = x for all x in...
1 For each of the following variables, identify the type of variable (numeric or categorical) and...
1 For each of the following variables, identify the type of variable (numeric or categorical) and level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio). a. Business size (micro, small, medium, large) b. Airplane ticket price 2 Consider the following sample of data: 1.2 28.4 32.6 17.0 13.5 2.2 38.0 41.4 1.9 14.4 21.8 23.8 a. Calculate the quartiles. b. Calculate the average c. Calculate the standard deviation. 3  Given the following five-number summary, are there any outliers in the data? Min:...
Make a positioning statement for a company doing business in each of the following segments. Identify...
Make a positioning statement for a company doing business in each of the following segments. Identify the specific positioning strategy that you are using (use a different strategy for each category). Airline Recreation Center/Gym Coffee Vacation Destinations Chocolate
Problem ( Proving theorems!) For each of the following statements, translate it into predicate logic and...
Problem ( Proving theorems!) For each of the following statements, translate it into predicate logic and prove it, if the statement is true, or disprove it, otherwise: 1. for any positive integer, there exists a second positive the square of which is equal to the first integer, 2. for any positive integer, there exists a second positive integer which is greater or equal to the square of the the first integer, 3. for any positive integer, there exists a second...
What is the difference between categorical data and quantitative data? Provide examples of each. Identify a...
What is the difference between categorical data and quantitative data? Provide examples of each. Identify a pair of quantitative variables that are positively correlated, and identify a pair of variables that are negatively correlated. Explain the selection of each pair.
Identify whether the following variables are numerical or categorical. If numerical, state whether the variable is...
Identify whether the following variables are numerical or categorical. If numerical, state whether the variable is discrete or continuous. If categorical, state whether the categories have a natural order (ordinal) or not (nominal). a. Fraction (or percentage) of birds in a large sample infected with avian flu virus b. Number of crimes committed by a randomly sampled individual. c. gender d. Logarithm of body mass e. Stage of fruit ripeness (eg., underripe, ripe, or overripe) f. Tree species g. Petal...
2. For each of the following variables, indicate if it is quantitative or categorical and also...
2. For each of the following variables, indicate if it is quantitative or categorical and also indicate the scale of measurement used for each: The Gender of an individual The Weight(pounds) of a package The Income(dollars) of an individual The Distance(miles) between two cities
For each of the following variables, determine whether the variable is categorical or numerical. If the...
For each of the following variables, determine whether the variable is categorical or numerical. If the variable is numerical, determine whether the variable is discrete or continuous. In addition, determine the measurement scale. a. Number of times the individual changed jobs in the last 5 years b.Fragrance that the individual wears most frequently c. Amount of gasoline used for driving per month d.Day on which the person is most likely to shop online(Monday, Tuesday, etc.)
Each answer will need to identify the source of the term (1 point), define the term...
Each answer will need to identify the source of the term (1 point), define the term according to the source (2 points), and demonstrate the significance of this term in order to understand the role of science and technology in global development (2 points). Each answer should be at least 5 sentences. Multiple sciences The Invention of Development Dependency Structural Adjustment Policies Brundtland Commission Imagined Communities Monumental Modernity The Workings of Disrepair
Identify the optimal capital structure of a U.S. corporation and analyze the requirements for using long-term...
Identify the optimal capital structure of a U.S. corporation and analyze the requirements for using long-term debt, common stock, and preferred stock financing. Identify the key factors involved in establishing a dividend policy. Your answers must provide clear evidence of critical thinking.  Your answer add greater depth to the discussion by introducing new ideas.
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT