Question

Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, Osmosis, Active Transport, Endocytosis...How does large molecules, H20, 02,Lipids, Na+/K+ get into the cell?

Answer 1

Water is transported through the process of osmosis.

Oxygen through simple diffusion

Diffusion is defined as the process of mass transfer of individual molecules of a substance from one part of a system to another, carried by random molecular motions, and is associated to forces such as concentration gradient

Sodium and potassium ions through active transport.

Active Transport is defined as a process that involves the movement of molecules from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration against a gradient or an obstacle with the use of external energy.”
During the process of active transport, a protein pump makes use of stored energy in the form of ATP, to move molecules

Some of the best examples of active transport include:

Phagocytosis of bacteria by Macrophages.
Movement of Ca2+ ions out of cardiac muscle cells.
Transportation of amino acids across the intestinal lining in the human gut.
Secretion of proteins like enzymes, peptide hormones, and antibodies from different cells.

Large molecules through facilitated diffusion or diffusion

Lipids through facilitated diffusion.

The main plasma lipid transport forms are free fatty acid, triglyceride and cholesteryl ester. Free fatty acid, derived primarily from adipocyte triglycerides, is transported as a physical complex with plasma albumin.