a) Write C code initialize an array of ints to the last four digits of your phone number. Use a loop to add the digits. Calculate and display the average of the digits.

b) Write C code using a struct to hold student information:

integer id

integer number of hours taken

integer number of hours passed

double gpa

write the report about (7494) Design and implementation of 4 bit shift register using Behavioral style of modeling

1-truth table

2. VHDL program cods

3. Conclusion

Should reflect on what logic is implemented, what modelling style is used to implement the logic. Discuss simulation and board level testing results.

My choice is hybrid or smart cars

This week, you will submit your Analysis of Impact draft (roughly four pages, using APA format).

This portion of the Course Project provides an analysis of the chosen technology’s influence on society considering all of the following components:

Social

How has this technology been received, accepted, or rejected? Why? Is it feared or favored? What is the attitude toward change? How are the developers trying to sell the technology to the general public? Look at attitudes, feelings (emotions), behaviors, personality, and the ways humans change as a result of this technology. What is being thought, and why? Is the human mind impacted? How? Are interactions between people changing as a result? Who is included or excluded, and why? Use Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Piaget, or some other theorist. What psychological needs are met by the technology (e.g., cell phones once granted status and now promote a sense of belonging or connectedness) or created by the technology? Consumerism?

Look at groups and organizations that have arisen and prospered because of this technology. Are these groups supportive or antagonistic, and why? (An example is genetically modified foods [GMOs] and the backlash against the Monsanto corporation. Another is cochlear implants that allow the deaf to hear yet reduce the deaf population that calls itself a community.) How does the technology change society, or how does society change in response to the technology? What factors in society led to the development in the first place? What do class, gender roles, race, norms, and the like mean in this context? Who will benefit from the technology, and who might be harmed (this might also belong in the ethics and morals section)? For example, prosthetics enable people to participate more fully and actively in society (some people compete in triathlons and marathons), and war has brought about the need for advances in prosthetic technology as casualties with missing limbs return home to the United States. Look at the workplace, new companies, and/or jobs created, jobs lost (or save this for the economics section, perhaps). Look at roles—subgroups, people’s interpersonal and intrapersonal relationships. Consider crime, healthcare, and schools. Surveillance cameras, for example, have recently been installed in New York City, and the result has been a decrease in the amount of crime, purse-snatching, pickpocketing, and so forth. Yet some fear the big-brother effect of always being watched and tracked, as well as concerns over “who will guard the guards.”

Cultural

This is a really important section. Consider the elements that comprise the culture and subcultures. Compare the United States' use of the technology with that of other nations around the world. What is it about Americans that brings about innovation, or has America declined in terms of technical innovation, scientific research, and development? Look at advertising for the technology, the use of celebrities or stars or heroes, the applications (e.g., sports and nanotechnology), and the values represented by the culture. What has priority, and why? An example: IBM was spelled out in xenon atoms. Why were these letters chosen instead of something else? What new words have been added to our vocabulary from this technology? Horseless carriagewas used long before the term automobile. Wirelesspreceded Wi-Fi, and webcastingpreceded podcasting. Broadcastwas a term adapted from agriculture long before it was used for radio and television.

How do musicians and artists react to, use, or incorporate the technology in their artistic productions? For example, fiber optic lighting has been used on the stage and in parades (Disney) for costuming. The drama term in the limelight, for example, was derived from a lens and lighting system used in lighthouses. Look at literature—perhaps science fiction or fantasy stories—that predate the technology (Jules Verne, for example, wrote about submarines before they were actually invented and used—though Leonardo da Vinci had sketched the idea centuries before Verne). Are there any songs, short stories, poems, plays, TV shows, or films that directly make reference to the technology? Are there any related literary works that apply? Is the artifact in a museum or will it be? Why? How does the technology relate to concepts of beauty and novelty and human creativity? How can people express their humanity through this technology? An example: Scientists experimenting with nano made a nano guitar that actually played a tune, though it was subthreshold to human hearing.

Political

Look at government policy, government intervention, government involvement (support or lack of support, funding), both nationally and internationally. Consider Congress, the president, the Supreme Court (decisions), the rate of change, liberalism, conservatism, legislation, litigation, and so forth. What political factors are at work in the progression or regression of the technology (e.g. lobbyists, special interest groups, partisan views, vocal advocates, or spokespersons)? For example: The Americans with Disabilities Act was designed to prevent discrimination and encourage accessibility to public facilities; it impacted architects, companies, organizations, and persons with disabilities through the installation of ramps (wider doors, lower knobs and handles, larger restroom stalls), the use of assistive devices in schools and in the workplace, hiring practices, and lawsuits against employers, among other things.

Economic

Consider production, consumption, costs, variables of supply-demand, corporations, private enterprise, and impact on the nation’s economy (employment, displacement, outsourcing). Are certain industries impacted more than others? Look up financial projections—expectations for growth, startup companies, the stock exchange, and so forth—anything related to business and the United States and global economy. Who are the chief players in the business environment, and what is their role? How much has been invested in research and development? How will the price fluctuate? What economic trends are to be observed? Who will make money from the technology? Who is funding the research and development? Who controls the purse strings, and why? Look at foundations and charitable organizations, the outcomes and the nature of consumers. Be sure to use charts and tables and quantitative data in this section. Tables, figures, and data and statistics must be current, valid, and used appropriately.

And the Environmental Impact

Consider such things as dangers to humans, the depletion of resources, air and water pollution, discovery before inventions, impact on wildlife and humans (health and safety), long-term and short-term effects, waste disposal, and aesthetic considerations (how the technology changes the landscape). Look also at the positive effects (savings of raw materials or fossil fuels, low environmental impact, enhancement to the environment). For example, some thought the Alaskan Pipeline would impact the caribou population and its ability to migrate; the scientists discovered that the population actually increased and was healthier because they had “shade” from the above-the-ground pipe, fewer biting flies, and less physically stressed females.
Other negative examples: The spotted owl and deforestation in Washington State; the snail darter and the dam, endangered species and loss of habitats, extinction, over-mining, overproduction, pollution of ground water, landfills, toxic wastes, stripping the soil of nutrients, over fishing, over hunting, and over harvesting.

2. Describe two methods of “tuning” the performance of a controller/compensator. Comment on key benefits and drawbacks of each method.

Write a C program for a library automation which gets the ISBN number, name, author and publication year of the books in the library. The status will be filled by the program as follows: if publication year before 1985 the status is reference else status is available. The information about the books should be stored inside a linked list. The program should have a menu and the user inserts, displays, and deletes the elements from the menu by selecting options. The following data structure should be used. struct list{ char ISBN[ 20 ]; char NAME[ 20 ]; char AUTHOR[ 20 ]; int YEAR; char STATUS[20]; struct list *next; }INFO; The following menu should be used in the program. Press 1. to insert a book Press 2. to display the book list Press 3. to delete a book from list Hint: use strcpy to fill STATUS.

1. Describe two key difference between digital control systems and their analog counterparts. Your answer should include both a block diagram and a discussion on key design choices in each topology.

What is the difference between the energy production of a PV Cell in a winter day and a summer day if the days are equally bright?

Derive C-V characteristics for n-type MOS at high frequency and low frequency

Derive C-V characteristics for n-type MOS at high frequency and low frequency

QUESTION

1) Large generators in parallel with one another are usually controlled using a philosophy called
droop-control. Brie?y discuss how droop-control works and why it is suitable for this application.

What is the relationship between distance in nanometers and the number of atoms?

What is the difference between incremental nanotechnology and radical nanotechnology?

A square nanodevice being manufactured measures 0.1 micrometers on each side and contains components that measure 25 nanometers by 50 nanometers. How many components fit on the nanodevice?

What is magnetic moment and how does it relate to the exchange interaction?

How is the strength of a material improved through the use of nanoscale grains?

What resources might you use to protect yourself (as an organization) against a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. How effective do they appear to be, based on what you've been able to find? Should businesses consider implementing these protections? Why or why not?

a – DSB. Write the code for an m-file (script) to generate a DSB signal. The modulating (message) signal is a single tone signal with frequency 1kHz and the carrier frequency is 30kHz. Time Vector: 3001 points over range from 0 to 3ms (3 cycles of the modulating signal). Plot your original message signal both in time and its spectrum. (Note: the Matlab examples 6.1 and 6.2 will help, but use the cosine functions for your signals instead of sine as in the example). In your report you should include the plots for the modulated signal in time and for the spectrum of the modulated signal.

b – AM. For the same message signal and same carrier as in part a. write the code for an m-file to generate an AM signal. Do simulations for the following percentages of modulation: 1. 25% 2. 50% 3. 100% and 4. 125%. In your report you should include the plots for the modulated signal in time and for the spectrum of the modulated signal for each of the 4 cases. Discuss the results relative to the modulation index m.

c – SSB. Use Matlab to implement a 4 pole-pair Butterworth band-pass filter to select the lower frequency component of the DSB modulated signal in part a. Plot the signal at the output of the filter in time and its spectrum. (Example 5.1 should be of help).

Part 2. Demodulation

For each of the signals generated in Part 1 in this second part demodulation scheme should be implemented. (Hint: it might be better to implement demodulation right after the modulation since you want to use the modulated signal of part 1 as your initial signal of part 2.) For demodulation you need first to multiply the modulated signal of part 1. (which is considered now to be the received signal assuming no noise was added and no other degradation of the signal happened during transmission = ideal channel) with the carrier. It might help to do the hand calculations too, to know exactly what to expect from your simulations. Use a Butterworth low-pass filter of your choice to select the desired component. You should recover this way your original modulating signal (eventually scaled in amplitude). For AM case do the demodulation part only for case 2, m=0.5.

Simulate this code in ISE Simulator (ISim) and screenshot the simulation

library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_ARITH.ALL;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL;

entity multiplexer is
Port (

    din:in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7 downto 0);
   sel:in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (2 downto 0);
   dout : out STD_LOGIC);
end multiplexer;

architecture Behavioral of multiplexer is
begin
    process (din,sel)
    begin
      case sel is
           when "000"=> dout <= din(7);
           when "001"=> dout <= din(6);
           when "010"=> dout <= din(5);
           when "011"=> dout <= din(4);
           when "100"=> dout <= din(3);
           when "101"=> dout <= din(2);
           when "110"=> dout <= din(1);
           when "111"=> dout <= din(0);
           when others=> dout <= din(0);
      end case;
end process;
end Behavioral;

TEST BENCH:

LIBRARY ieee;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.ALL;
USE ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all;
USE ieee.numeric_std.ALL;

ENTITY tb_multiplexer_vhd IS
END tb_multiplexer_vhd;

ARCHITECTURE behavior OF tb_multiplexer_vhd IS

-- Component Declaration for the Unit Under Test (UUT)
COMPONENT multiplexer
PORT(
din :IN std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);
sel:IN std_logic_vector(2 downto 0);
dout :OUT std_logic
);
END COMPONENT;

--Inputs
SIGNAL din : std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) := (others=>'0');
SIGNAL sel : std_logic_vector(2 downto 0) := (others=>'0');

--Outputs
SIGNAL dout : std_logic;

BEGIN

-- Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
uut: multiplexer PORT MAP(din => din,
sel => sel,
dout => dout
);

process

         din<= "10100011"; wait for 10ns;

         sel<= "000"; wait for 10ns,

         sel<= "001"; wait for 10ns,

         sel<= "010"; wait for 10ns,

         sel<= "011"; wait for 10ns,

         sel<= "100"; wait for 10ns,

         sel<= "101"; wait for 10ns,

         sel<= "110"; wait for 10ns,

         sel<= "111"; wait for 10ns,

        wait;

end process

END;