Question

1) Which of the following tools for identifying possible causes of problems or defects is used to push team members to think about the root cause and prevent the team from being satisfied with superficial solutions that won't fix the problem in the long run?

		Multivoting
		Affinity Diagram
		Pareto charts
		5 Whys

2)

With respect to 5S, which of the following Japanese terms refer to arranging materials and equipment so that they are easy to find and use?

	a.	Seiso
	b.	Seiton
	c.	Seiri
	d.	Shitsuke

3)

Which of the following is NOT an attribute of an organizational culture that drives continuous improvement?

	a.	Individuals need to feel like they have autonomy and control over their jobs.
	b.	Team members need to feel that they belong to a team.
	c.	Team members need a degree of security.
	d.	Jobs must be designed to be simple and straightforward.

4)

At a metal working machine shop, parts are produced for assembly into units of heavy equipment. At the end of each production run, two lots of 200 units each are inspected for defects or nonconformities. Over 20 production periods, the average number of defects is 8.8 per lot. What is the appropriate type of control chart to use to analyze the state of control of the number of defects per lot being produced by this process?

	a.	c chart
	b.	Individual Measurements and Moving Range charts
	c.	p chart
	d.	Xbar and R charts

Answer 1

Answer 1. (d) 5 Whys

5 Whys is one of the best tools in root cause analysis in lean management, that helps in finding the root cause of the problem and pushes the team members to find out the root cause and prevent them from being satisfied with superficial solutions that are not the permanent solution of the problems. This technique helps the organization in making informed decisions about a problem and defect.

Answer 2. (b) Seiton

Seiton (or systematize) refers to the proper arrangement and it is the second concept of the Japanese 5S philosophy. In this process, all materials and equipment are organized and arranged in a proper way so that they could be found when they are in need. Putting everything at the proper place is the main goal of Seiton.

Answer 3. (d) Jobs must be designed to be simple and straightforward.

This is not the main attribute of organizational culture the help in continuous improvement. Designing jobs depends on the processes and work culture of any job in the organization. A process could require a big process to finish it and it takes a longer time to finish the task. So work designs depend on the different processes and resources available in the organization.

Answer 4. (a) C- chart

C chart is used in quality control and it is attributed control chart. C chart is useful in analyzing variation in counting type data and also find out the number of a defect in a constant subgroup size. Subgroup size refers to the data that are being analyzed.