Question

Describe the positive and negative interactions that occur between different species groups in a community. How does predation differ from herbivory and parasitism? How do you think mutualism evolves between two species and describe how mutualism affects you on a personal basis day to day.

Answer 1

Positive interactions are the cooperative relationships between species that result in better growth, reproduction, and survival for at least one species involved in the interaction, without negatively affecting the other species. It includes commensalism and mutualism interaction  

Negative interaction includes a competition where both species suffer from their association, predation where one species eats another species, parasitism where another species lives at the expense of the other, ammensalism where species harms another without benefiting and cannibalism

Each type of predation can by classified on the basis on whether or not it results in the death of the prey. Carnivory is lethal to the prey while herbivory and parasitism may or may not be lethal to the prey. Mutualism is not lethal to either predator or prey but, rather, benefits both organisms.Most parasites and parasitoids spend their entire lives consuming a single individual, whereas herbivores and predators usually eat at least several different individuals. Parasitism never results in the death of the organism, while predation and herbivory usually do cause the death of the organisms they eat.

Mutualism describes the ecological interaction between two or more species where each species has a net benefit. It can be contrasted with interspecific competition, in which each species experiences reduced fitness, and exploitation, or parasitism, in which one species benefits at the "expense" of the other.

It no longer leads to unbounded population growth and its increases equilibrium densities of the interacting species above their densities at carrying capacity in isolation of interactions with one another.

Mutualism leads to  Coevolution. It is the evolution of two or more species which reciprocally affect each other, sometimes creating a mutualistic relationship between the species. Such relationships can be of many different types.