Question

1) We be certain the EM wave we receive from space tell us all about the composition and the source temperature why, or why not?  How the location and dynamics of celestial objects affect the observation of space?

2) Explain the process of star’s birth, burning fuel and death, main sequence, and relationship between star colors, their age and their size, black body curve, black hole,  event horizon, quasar, super massive black holes, emission region, and energy released analyses.

3)

Answer 1

Answer: 1) Electromagnetic radiations are very useful in the observation of our universe in which objects are very far away from us. We were not able to travel to stars and take samples from our universe, so the radiation that comes from space, we must depend on that. Since we know that the light is the disturbance of the electric and magnetic field which travels in the form of a wave. By determining the frequency and wavelength of the light that comes from the objects in our space, we would able to the know the whole nature of those objects where it can be a star or it can be the sun. frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional to each other. If the frequency is higher the wavelength will be shorter.

The visibility of celestial objects is affected by their location, the distance between object and observer, their physical characteristics like size, shape, color, spectral nature, brightness, a field where the object is being observed, etc.

(2) Stars are the building block of space. In absence of stars, the universe would be bitterly cold, dark, desolate and lifeless. Stars provide heat, light and those materials which are necessary for life. Stars are born when immense clouds of gas fused together under enough pressure. Since there is a force that holds all the matter attract together, it is the gravitational force. Gas clouds are typically big in nature and having uniform densities. So these clouds remain relatively unchanged for hundreds of millions of years or many more. The life and death of stars are determined by gravity and pressure. Every star ultimately runs out of its hydrogen in its core, regardless of its mass. Gravity has driven by stars mass and trying to crush it. while pressure in the star's core tries to blow it apart. Gravity compresses the core of the star and increases its temperature ever higher. When all hydrogen runs out, the stars of similar mass to our sun will expand and become a red giant star. Stars spend about 90% of their existence by fusing their element like hydrogen into helium in high-temperature and high-pressure reactions near the core. These stars are said to be on the main sequence.

The color of the stars depends on their composition and temperature. Star emits electromagnetic light which consists of a different wavelength. The wavelength at which star emit most o its light is known as peak wavelength. We can say that when the different colors are emitted they appear white from our naked eye. The measurement of star age is although impossible but it could be done by determining the star clusters.

A black hole is a place in our universe where the gravitational force is strong enough that even light can not get out of it. the gravity is so strong here because the matter has been squeezed into tiny space and this happens only when a star is dying. Every black hole is surrounded by an event horizon which is a limit of what we can see and nothing is returned from that point. all the things that happen inside the event horizon are beyond the view of everyone outside. SagittariusA is a massive black hole that is at the center of our galaxy. When a black hole is in the middle of the action, it can become supermassive by heavy stars, gases and old planet which goes into the black hole.