Question

In: Chemistry

According to the hard and soft acid and bases indicate with arrow the direction of the...

According to the hard and soft acid and bases indicate with arrow the direction of the favored reaction ,balance the equation and indicate which is a harder or softer acid and harder or softer base.

a)CuCl + LiCH₂CH_{3 ______________} CuCH₂CH₃ + LiCl

b)KN₃ + FeCO₃----------K₂CO₃ + Fe(N₃)₂

c)Sr(ClO₄ )₂ + AgI ----------AgClO₄ + SrI₂

d)NaCN + FeCl₂ ----------NaCl + Na₄Fe(CN)₆

e) KOCH₃ + PdS₂O₃-------- K₂S₂O₃ + Pt(OCH₃)₂

Expert Solution

Soft acid would bind with a soft base and hard acid would bind with a hard base. Any reaction goes to the preferred binding is favored

a) Favoured in the forward direction.

Li is a hard acid and Cl is a hard base, so going forward we are forming LiCl a hard acid-hard base combination, which is favoured.

Balanced equation : CuCl + LiCH2CH3 --> CuCH2CH3 + LiCl

b) Favoured in the forward direction.

K is hard acid and CO3^2- is a hard base. When going forward we are forming K2CO3 which is favoured.

Balanced equation : 2KN3 + FeCO3 ---> K2CO3 + Fe(N3)2

c) Favoured in the reverse direction, towards the reactant side.

Ag is a soft acid and I is a soft base, where going forward we are breaking the favorable soft acid-soft base combination and hence the reacton would not be favoured.

Balanced equation : Sr(ClO4)2 + 2AgI ---> 2AgClO4 + SrI2

d) Favoured in the forward direction.

Na is a hard acid and Cl is a hard base. When going forward we are forming NaCl which is a hard acid-hard base combination and is thus favoured.

Balanced equation : 6NaCN + FeCl2 ---> 2NaCl + Na4Fe(CN)6

e) Favored in the reverse direction, towards the reactant side.

Pd is a soft acid and OCH3 is a har base. When going forward we are forming the soft acid-hard base combination Pd(OCH3)2 which is not favored and thus reaction will proceed towards the reactant side.

Balanced equation : 2KOCH3 + PdSO3 ---> K2SO3 + Pd(OCH3)2

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