Question

In: Physics

Is there a published theory that looks at all matter as occupying no space and only...

Is there a published theory that looks at all matter as occupying no space and only being felt because of its gravitational pull?

We've been taught in school that matter has mass and occupies space. I was just wondering if anyone tried to look at matter as having no physical reality...

Solutions

Expert Solution

This position is the late 19th century early 20th century idea of point particles as singularities in the continuous field, meaning that they are just points where fields come out of, and they have no internal structure. This idea had its heyday in the late 19th century with the model of the electron as a singularity in the EM field. It is in some ways the modern quantum field picture, but the adjective "quantum" is essential, without it, the picture is completely wrong.

The central problem with the pointlike electron is that the mass of the electron is partly due to the energy in the field it carries around with it, and this energy is divergent in the limit of a point electron, so that the electron would have to have less mass than the energy contained in its electric field. This is a paradox, because it requires that you subtract out a negative mass contribution at the point location of the electron which is formally infinite to restore a finite mass to the electron. Because of this, the equations of motion for the electron become unstable.

The hallmark of this instability is the radiation reaction term, the reaction of the electron to the lightwaves it emits, is proportional to the derivative of the acceleration. Dirac considered how to restore sensible behavior to the classical electron, and showed that if you do so, the electron gets nonlocal forces, so that it will accelerate in response to an applied field slightly before the field gets to it. This behavior is unacceptable, and it is essentially due to the negative mass for a pointlike electron, it is begging for the electron to be extended, and to be at least as big as its classical electron radius.

All these classical ideas are pointless and obsolete today, because in quantum mechanics, the particles are completely different objects, defined by quantum motion of fields, not by the location of classical points (at least not in a causal field picture). The notion of a point particle was replaced by the more subtle notion of a quantum point particle, which has a probability amplitude to be at various places. This quantum point particle can reproduce the quantum field if it is allowed to go backward and forward in time.

The quantum mechanical notion of point particle does not require you to think of it as a singularity of the field, because the process of localization of the particle requires a position measurement, which requires higher energy as you go deeper. This postpones the problems of divergence in the self-mass to much higher energy, and the problem resolves itself because the scale of problematic behavior is pushed beyond the scale where gravity kicks in.

At the scale of gravity, there is the notion that any sufficiently dense object is a black hole. The point particles of classical physics are best replaced by the extended black hole objects of General Relavity. A black hole pre-accelerates in response to a field, but this is not paradoxical, because the black hole is extended, and its horizon is a globally defined object. Black holes can be charged, and classically, the charge is less than the mass.

But quantum mechanically, the quantization of black hole horizon motion, which is string theory, gives light particles whose charge is greater than the mass. The electron in string theory is then viewed as a type of black hole, one with extreme charge, and with a certain spatial extent, and winding certain cycles in space, so that it is massless in the first approximation.

But the classical ideas of a particle as a singularity in the field is only loosely related to the modern picture, and there is no reason to consider it anymore.


Related Solutions

"The effectiveness of any particular graph is not just a matter of how it looks in...
"The effectiveness of any particular graph is not just a matter of how it looks in the abstract but also a question of who is looking at it and why." (Healy). Select two graphs from the Internet of a subject of interest to you. Critique the graphs as you imagine Healy would using aesthetic, substantive, and perceptual criteria. One should be an example of poor quality and one should be good quality. Use callouts for your critique and lines to...
Show all work and calculations In a mixture of argon and hydrogen, occupying a volume of...
Show all work and calculations In a mixture of argon and hydrogen, occupying a volume of 1.18 L at 894.6 mmHg and 44.1oC, it is found that the total mass of the sample is 1.25 g. What is the partial pressure of argon? A 18.8-g mixture of nitrogen and carbon dioxide is found to occupy a volume of 13.5 L when measured at 759.1 mmHg and 25.6oC. What is the mole fraction of carbon dioxide in this mixture?
Who is the scientist who published a series of postulates that verified the "germ theory" of...
Who is the scientist who published a series of postulates that verified the "germ theory" of disease and to link a particular pathogen to a disease? a. Robert Koch b. Joseph Lister c. Ignaz semmelweis d. Alex Flemings e. Ferdinand Cohn
Go to media space: newspapers, magazines, film/video is ok as long as it is credible (published...
Go to media space: newspapers, magazines, film/video is ok as long as it is credible (published by a legitimate publisher). Find an example of either: a. stag-hunt game or b. hawk-and-dove game Write a 1-page report in which you i) summarize the story in the article or video; ii) draw a game in its normal form (pick payoffs appropriately and corresponding to the story in the article/video) and iii) comment on how well the game captures the backbone of the...
Black Hole has such a huge gravity, impacting space and matter in its vicinity the way...
Black Hole has such a huge gravity, impacting space and matter in its vicinity the way that velocity reaches infinity, thus the time is close to zero, why or why not? include a short description of the Black Hole (how it forms, its characteristics after it forms and the definition of the Event Horizon. Perhaps you can also come up with a live example, which would help to explain the processes happening around the black hole.
In outer space the density of matter is extremely low, about one atom per cm3. The...
In outer space the density of matter is extremely low, about one atom per cm3. The matter is mainly hydrogen atoms (m = 1.67 × 10-27 kg) whose rms speed is 260 m/s. A cubical box, 1.70 m on a side, is placed in outer space, and the hydrogen atoms are allowed to enter. (a) What is the magnitude of the force that the atoms exert on one wall of the box? (b) Determine the pressure that the atoms exert....
Middlemist, Knowles, and Matter (1976) conducted a study investigating whether or not invasions of personal space...
Middlemist, Knowles, and Matter (1976) conducted a study investigating whether or not invasions of personal space are physiologically, as well as psychologically, arousing. The study was conducted in a men’s lavatory. Men were randomly assigned to have personal space or to have their personal space invaded. The investigators closed off specific urinals. Participants were forced to urinate either in the urinal next to a male confederate or in the urinal one away from the confederate. A second confederate positioned in...
Following are the published weights (in pounds) of all of the team members
115. Following are the published weights (in pounds) of all of the team members of the Sa Francisco 49ers from a previous year 177: 205: 210: 210: 232: 205: 185: 185 178 210: 206 212: 184 174: 185: 242: 188; 212: 215 247:241: 223: 220: 260: 245 259 278: 270 280: 295: 275: 285: 290: 272: 273: 280: 285: 286 200: 215: 185: 230: 250: 241: 190: 260: 250: 302: 265: 290: 276: 228: 265 a. Organize the data from smallest to...
Call a log-space reduction a reduction that uses only O(logn) space in addition to the input...
Call a log-space reduction a reduction that uses only O(logn) space in addition to the input itself, and not counting the produced result. In other words, there are three tapes: tape 1 is read-only (the input), tape 2 is read-write (the work tape), and tape 3 is write-only (the output tape). Then we insist that tape 2 use O(logn) space (tape 3 is unrestricted, but remember it is write-only). Such a reduction is denoted ≤L. Show that 3SAT ≤L CLIQUE.
use the kinetic molecular theory ( matter = particles ) to explain the differences between solid...
use the kinetic molecular theory ( matter = particles ) to explain the differences between solid vs liquid vs gas phase. And describe how particles are behaving during a phase change
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT