Question

12. If white flowers are recessive to purple flowers, if two white-flowered peas mate, what proportion of the offspring would be white-flowered?

A) 0                 B) 1.0               C) 3/16             D) 9/16            E) can’t tell

21. What are the Ediacaran fauna?

A. Rainforest organisms that form a “biodiversity pump”.

B. Fossils of the first living things on the planet, billions of years ago, and very tiny

C. A worldwide assemblage of large, animal-like fossils that appear, and vanish, before the contemporary animal fauna appear in the fossil record during the Cambrian explosion.

D. The first life on land.

E. The ancestors of tetrapods

22. Which of the following organisms is an amniote?

A. A frog
B. A platypus
C. An alligator
D. A slime mold
E. B and C

23. A man is stranded on a desert island with NO VEGETATION. For some reason, an intact crate of corn flakes washes ashore with him, and a crate of 15 live chickens. What should he do to survive the longest?

A. Eat the corn flakes then eat the chickens
B. Eat the chickens then eat the corn flakes
C. Feed the corn flakes to the chickens, and eat the chickens one at a time
D. Feed the corn flakes to the chickens, then harvest the eggs from the chickens

E. It doesn’t matter-all the strategies are equivalent

24. Which of the following statements about the relationship between CO₂ and terrestrial climate, are well-supported by evidence?
A. CO₂ in the atmosphere is one of several gasses that have the capacity to effectively trap heat, raising the equilibrium temperature.

B. Periods of low CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere are linked to cold periods in the history of the Earth.

C. CO₂ is drawn down, removed from the atmosphere and incorporated into the biosphere, by photosynthesis.

D. A and B

E. All of the above

25. In Rosemary and Peter Grant’s study of evolution in Galapagos finches, which of the following were Darwin’s views that were NOT supported by the data?

1. Populations evolve by natural selection
2. Individuals with favorable traits pass them to the offspring
3. Some individuals are better suited to survive and reproduce than others
4. Natural selection is a slow, gradual process
5. Since, as scientists, we believe in Darwinism, even if there were data that contradict Darwin’s ideas, Rosemary and Peter Grant never would have published.

Questions 26-27 refer to the following alternatives:

INTERACTION 1: Early summer flowers such as Trillium spp., are pollinated by a variety of flies, and bees. In exchange for providing pollination services, the insects receive nectar and pollen to eat themselves and to feed their young.

INTERACTION 2: Parrotfish are predators of marine invertebrates, including crustaceans, bivalves, and other reef fauna.

INTERACTION 3: Human eyelashes have at least two different species of eyelash mites. These mites feed off of dead skin cells, and obtain a sheltered habitat from us. They do not affect our ability to survive and reproduce.

INTERACTION 4: Humans all over the world harbor worms that live in their bloodstream and other structures. These worms use their human host as a staging area to release their eggs into the environment, and weaken their host, often shortening his or her lifespan.

INTERACTION 5: The desert tortoise shares a burrow with the sidewinder rattlesnake. The snake, unable to dig a burrow of its own, gets a place to sleep during the day. The tortoise gets a venomous snake to guard its burrow.

26. Which is an example of parasitism? A) Interaction 4   B) Interaction 2     C) Interaction 3     D) Interactions 3 and 4          E) None of the above

27. Which is an example of mutualism? A) Interaction 4   B) Interaction 2     C) Interaction 3     D) Interactions 1 and 5          E) None of the above

28. In terms of global climate, which is the most important reservoir for carbon?

A. The atmosphere

B. The biosphere

C. The oceans

D. The soil

E. None of the above are carbon reservoirs

29. What is a blastula?

A) An early stage in animal embryos
B) A feature of fungal reproduction
C) A hollow ball of cells
D) A and B
E) A and C
ANSWER THEM ALL PLZ NO EXPLAINATION REQUIRED

Answer 1

12) If the white flower is recessive , the genotype of it must be pp (If P represents dominant allele while p represents recessive allele) .If two white flowered peas mate , all offsprings would be white flowered (pp) as both the parents are recessive homozygotes.

pp x pp All gametes - p    Offspring - pp (White flowered)

21) Ediacaran fauna are a worldwide assemblage of large, animal-like fossils that appear, and vanish, before the contemporary animal fauna appear in the fossil record during the Cambrian explosion.

They were surely not the first life on land about 430 million years ago while ediacaran fauna existed from about 600 to 545 million years ago.The ancestors of tetrapods were sarcopterygii around 390 million years ago.

22) Amniotes are reptiles , birds and mammals.So platypus and alligator , both are amniotes.Amniotes are the animals which have amnion layer in eggs which help them to lay eggs on land.

23) To survive the longest , he should feed the corn flakes to the chicken and harvest the eggs from the chickens. So , by this he can get the food for the longest time and if he let the eggs develop also , then the new individuals can also add in the group and can provide much more than his need to survive.