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In: Biology

22. Mendel crossed true-breeding purple-flowered plants with true-breeding white-flowered plants, and none of the resulting offspring...

22. Mendel crossed true-breeding purple-flowered plants with true-breeding white-flowered plants, and none of the resulting offspring produced purple flowers. The allele for purple flowers is ____________.

a.   dominant

b.   monohybrid

c.   independent

d.   recessive

e.   segregated

23. An individual with (naturally) curly hair and an individual with (naturally) straight hair mate; all of their offspring have (naturally) wavy hair. If an individual with wavy hair mates with another individual with wavy hair, what is the probability that their child will have (naturally) curly hair?

a.   25%

b.   100%

c.   0%

d.   50%

e.   75%
24. Which of the following is characteristic of a DNA double helix?
   a.   The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of guanine, and the amount of thymine is equal to the amount of cytosine.
   b.   The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of uracil, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine.
   c.   The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine.
   d.   The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of cytosine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of thymine.
   e.   The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of uracil.

25. If a strand of DNA has the sequence CCGTCT, transcription will result in a(n) ______.

a.   single RNA strand with the sequence GGCAGA

b.   single RNA strand with the sequence CCGUCU

c.   single DNA strand with the sequence TTCGAG

d.   single RNA strand with the sequence GGCUGAU

e.   RNA double helix with the sequence UUCGAG for one strand and AAGCUC for the complimentary strand

26. If one strand of a DNA double helix has the sequence ATCGCA, what is the sequence of the other strand?

a.   ATCGCA

b.   TAGCGT

c.   TACGCT

d.   AUCGCA

e.   UAGCGU
27. Organisms carrying genes from another species are called

a.   cancerous

b.   vectors

c.   transformed

d.   transgenic

e.   hybrids

28. In a DNA double helix, adenine pairs with ______ and guanine pairs with ______.

a.   guanine . . . adenine

b.   uracil . . . cytosine

c.   thymine . . . cytosine

d.   cytosine . . . thymine

e.   cytosine . . . uracil

29. RNA contains ______, whereas DNA contains ______.

a.   adenine . . . guanine

b.   cytosine . . . guanine

c.   nucleotides . . . nucleic acids

d.   uracil . . . thymine

e.   a deoxyribose sugar . . . a ribose sugar
30. Where is translation accomplished?

a.   nucleoli

b.   sER

c.   lysosomes

d.   ribosomes

e.   peroxisomes

31. DNA and RNA are polymers of ______.

a.   fatty acids

b.   nucleotides

c.   monoglycerides

d.   amino acids

e.   monosaccharides

Solutions

Expert Solution

Q.22 ) . Mendel crossed true-breeding purple-flowered plants with true-breeding white-flowered plants, and none of the resulting offspring produced purple flowers. The allele for purple flowers is

Answer 22) d.   Recessive

Explanation : The true breeding plants means they are homozygous for the particular allele. The offspring produced from the above cross will be heterozygous and they will be expressing the dominant character only, since all the offspring are showing white-flowered plants as the purple flowered character is not expressed, we can say that the purple flowers is a recessive character which will not express itself if the allele for dominant character is present along with it.

Q.23. An individual with (naturally) curly hair and an individual with (naturally) straight hair mate; all of their offspring have (naturally) wavy hair. If an individual with wavy hair mates with another individual with wavy hair, what is the probability that their child will have (naturally) curly hair?

Answer 23) c.   0%

Explanation : The offspring of curly hair individual and straight hair individual are having wavy hair that means both the characters are showing incomplete dominance i.e. both the characters are partially expressed in the offspring. If we take the allele for curly hair as ‘C’ and for straight hair as ‘S’ then the genotype of the wavy hair individuals will be ‘CS’ , if the cross is between two such individuals then none of the offspring will have curly hair or straight hair

gamates

C

S

C

CS

Wavy hair

CS

Wavy hair

S

CS

Wavy hair

CS

Wavy hair

Q.24). Which of the following is characteristic of a DNA double helix?

Answer.24) c.   The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine.

Explanation: A single DNA molecule has two antiparallel strands, each of the strands are made up of series of nucleotides, these nucleotides have different types of nitrogen bases. The two strands of DNA are connected to each other by the pairing between these nitrogen bases with the help of hydrogen bonds. The pairing of nitrogen bases is complementary i.e. Adenine always pairs with thymine and vice versa. Guanine always pairs with cytosine and vice versa. Hence the amount of adenine will be always equal to the amount of thymine and amount of guanine will be always equal to the amount of cytosine.

Note: Uracil is also a nitrogen base which pairs with adenine, but it is present in RNA i.e. in RNA, thymine is replaced by Uracil.

Q.25 ). If a strand of DNA has the sequence CCGTCT, transcription will result in a(n)

Answer.25) a.   single RNA strand with the sequence GGCAGA

Explanation: In the process of transcription a mRNA(messenger RNA) molecule is synthesized using DNA strand as the template, the bases on the mRNA will be complementary to the bases on the DNA strand, as explained in the above question no.24 the Cytosine(C) will pair with guanine (G) and vice versa. Thymine (T) will pair with Adenine (A).

The given DNA template is not having Adenine (A) otherwise it would have paired up with Uracil (U) in RNA molecule.(refer the note in Q.no. 24)

Q.26 ) If one strand of a DNA double helix has the sequence ATCGCA, what is the sequence of the other strand

Answer.26)   b.   TAGCGT

Explanation : The pairing of nitrogen bases in the DNA strand is complementary i.e. Adenine(A) always pairs with thymine(T) and vice versa. Guanine(G) always pairs with cytosine(C) and vice versa.

Q.27) Organisms carrying genes from another species are called

Answer.27) d.   transgenic

Explanation: Transgenic organisms are genetically engineered so that they carry gene from other species for example insulin producing gene in introduced into a bacterium like E.coli the bacterium becomes a transgenic.

Q.28) In a DNA double helix, adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine.

Answer.28) c.   thymine . . . cytosine

Q.29) RNA contains uracil, whereas DNA contains thymine.

Answer.29) d.   uracil . . . thymine

Explanation for Q.28, 29 as in Q.24

Q.30) Where is translation accomplished?

Answer.30) d.   ribosomes

Explanation: Translation is the process of synthesis of a polypeptide (protein) from the sequence of nucleotides on the mRNA molecule, the process takes place on ribosomes with the help of tRNA(transfer RNA) and rRNA(ribosomal RNA)

Q.31) DNA and RNA are polymers of

Answer.31) b.   nucleotides

Explanation: A single nucleotide consists of a pentose sugar( Deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA) , a phosphate group and a nitrogen base.

gladiator answered 2 years ago
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