I have a presentation about how to build a muscle during the quarantine, that's should include fast- and slow-twitch muscles topic

I need detailed reliable information about it with their source.

Patients with uncontrolled diabetes may enter a state called diabetic ketoacidosis, a form of metabolic acidosis in which low blood pH is caused by the excessive accumulation of acidic ketone bodies in the blood, due to excessive catabolism of stored fats (NOTE: while not relevant to this question, it might be interesting and a good review to make sure you understand why impaired insulin signaling would cause this to occur!). If this acidosis becomes severe and life-threatening, patients will eventually exhibit Kussmaul breathing: very deep, rapid, gasping breaths. which of the following scenarios explains why that is the case?

A Low blood pH increases the firing rate of central and peripheral chemoreceptors which increases the bursting rate of brainstem respiratory rhythmicity center neurons which increases the strength and rate of diaphragm contractions.

B Low blood pH increases the bursting rate of brainstem respiratory rhythmicity center neurons which increases the firing rate of central and peripheral chemoreceptors which increases the strength and rate of diaphragm contractions.

C Low blood pH decreases the bursting rate of brainstem respiratory rhythmicity center neurons which increases the firing rate of central and peripheral chemoreceptors which decreases the strength and rate of diaphragm contractions.

D Low blood pH increases the firing rate of central and peripheral chemoreceptors which decreases the bursting rate of brainstem respiratory rhythmicity center neurons which increases the strength and rate of diaphragm contractions. E Low blood pH decreases the firing rate of central and peripheral chemoreceptors which increases the bursting rate of brainstem respiratory rhythmicity center neurons which decreases the strength and rate of diaphragm contractions.

A severe bout of vomiting eventually lowers blood plasma ​[H^+] (remember that the stomach contents are highly acidic because protons are pumped out of the stomach epithelium into the stomach lumen). After this occurs, what will happen to your alveolar ventilation rate?

A It will decrease.

B It will increase.

C It will stay the same.

Write an Explanation after each answer

Chen Yau, a 3-year-old Asian-American man, was admitted with symptoms of a depressed immune system, including oral and groin candidiasis (thrush) and a herpesvirus infection. This is his fourth admission in less than 2 years. Mr. Yau has engaged in anal and oral homosexual intercourse since 20 years of age. At 30 years old, he tested positive for HIV. Chen has had four inpatient and three outpatient admissions between 30 and 32 years of age. His previous admissions were for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, anemia, gastrointestinal problems, and Kaposi sarcoma of the skin. Mr. Yau takes several medications to control his symptoms, including zidovudine (Azidothymidine (AZT)). Mr. Yau’s most recent admission was preceded with symptoms of diarrhea, loss of appetite, a 10-pound weight loss over a 2-week period, a nonproductive cough, some shortness of breath, night sweats, fatigue, and a perianal lesion. On admission, physical examination reveals painful enlargement of multiple lymph nodes, whites exudate, and inflammation of the mouth and back of the throat, which is consistent with candidiasis, and purplish brown palpable lesions on his arms, legs, and trunk, which are consistent with Kaposi sarcoma. A comprehensive baseline mental status examination reveals several subtle changes in personality and some mild confusion. Mr. Yau demonstrates limits in his visual field, and an ophthalmoscopic examination of the eye shows evidence of inflammation and hemorrhage of the retina that is consistent with cytomegalovirus. Laboratory studies reveal a low white cell count with a few lymphocytes, a reduced ratio of T4 helper cells to T8 suppressor cells, a positive stool for the Cryptosporidium parasite, and an x-ray with diffuse infiltrates compatible with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. During this most recent admission, Mr. Yau became extremely confused and also became unable to fully control the muscles of his feet and legs. His condition continued to deteriorate until his death in the hospital a few weeks after his admission.

1. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) manifests as reduced resistance to opportunistic infections and malignancies because of: A. An acquired deficiency of isoimmunity B. An exaggerated immune response to counteract a T-cell deficiency C. Impaired functioning of one of the immune inflammatory responses D. Deficiency of antigen (HIV) recognition.

2. The T4 helper cell to T8 suppressor cell ratio is normally about 2:1. This ratio in Mr. Yau was severely reduced because: A. Bone marrow depression reduces hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. B. HIV infects and kills the host T4 cells, decreasing their numbers. C. The T8 suppressor cells are stimulated by HIV and their numbers increase. D. y-Interferon is reduced, thereby reducing cytotoxic T8 suppressor cell activity.

3. Pneumocystis carinii, a protozoan that is usually not pathogenic, caused severe respiratory problems for Mr. Yau because of his: A. T-cell function impairment B. Lack of knowledge about his disease C. Recent exposure to human immunodeficiency virus D. Immunosuppression from the AZT

4. Mr. Yau’s confusion and distal peripheral neuropathy are not supported with any serological findings for neurological or infectious disease. His peripheral neuropathy was most likely caused by: A. Primary or secondary central nervous system lymphoma B. Toxoplasma, a protozoan infection of the central nervous system C. Disturbance in normal brain patterns from drug therapy D. Presence of HIV in peripheral nerves and the central nervous system.

How does food in the duodenum inhibit motility and secretions in the stomach? IM LOOKING FOR SOMEWHAT AN DETAIL OR NEAR TO DETAIL NEAR ,...A GOOD EXPLANATION FOR THIS QUESTION , i need to understand , thank u

how kidney nephron works?

1) One question discussed there: can we just give vaccines that show promise in animal studies/preclinical data given this urgent need?
2) there is the interesting scientific data on the population response to the virus (children vs. adult vs. elderly) - how would a clinical trial be affected if enrolling adults vs. elderly? and how the generalizability of the findings be applicable?

List and describe the ecents of hemostais in order

What are the tree main factors of regulating blood pressure and define each? Explain the major factors that determine mean arterial pressure and what causes it to increase

1. The concentration of an undiluted sample is 26.4 mg/ml. To calculate that answer, the concentration of the diluted sample was multiplied by the dilution factor. Knowing that the dilution factor is 2, work backwards to determine the concentration of the DILUTED sample.

What is the unit used to describe cell solutions measured in a spectrophotometer?

Spectroscopy is based on the ability of compounds to specifically create certain wavelengths of light.

true or false

You are reading chlorophyll a samples in the spectrophotometer at 665 nm. Which of the following absorbance readings are considered to be inaccurate?

Ideally, a standard curve should be a curved line, not a straight line.

True

False

which of the following are common uses for a spectrophotometer in a biology lab? There may be more than one correct answer.

Light with a wavelength of 600 nm is used to read the absorbance of microbial cell cultures because cellular compounds (proteins, DNA, chromophores) absorb light at this wavelength and therefore do not interfere with the measurement.

True

False

The spectrophotometer output is in what units?

Carrots appear orange in color because they are reflecting what color of visible light?

Describe how filtrate is formed and what substances normally end up in filtrate (and what substances do not). This should include a description of the anatomy and physiology of the glomerus and the glomerular capsule and how they interact with each other.

1. Identify starting/body position for the given movement 2. Describe the movement i.e. downward/upward phase a. Flexion/extension/Ab, Adduction etc b. Identify the plane and axis of the movement c. Describe ALL joints involved and their muscle action during each phase of the exercise (concentric, eccentric, isometric) d. Identify all the muscles involved with the movement and their respective contraction

• Front squat • Pull-up (starting from the top) and Chin-up (from the bottom) • Conventional dead-lift • Arnold Press • Bench press • Supine hamstring curl on a stability ball • Nordic Curls • Inverted row

Cancer/Viral Scenarios Worksheet: For each scenario, diagram and/or explain the activities of the cells involved including the self cell, Cytotoxic T cell, Natural Killer Cell and/or T helper cell along with any pertinent cytokines and proteins.

1. The Human Papilloma Virus has infected the cervical cells of a patient and the cancerous cells have stopped producing MHC. Diagram the immune system’s response to these changes in the cervical cells
2. The Herpes Simplex Virus has infected your patient’s mucosal cells of the genitals and those infected cells are actively replicating the virus
3. The Hepatitis B Virus has infected the liver cells of your patient. Due to the viral infection and early cancerous changes in the liver cells, they have begun to make stress proteins: