Question

State three classic signs or symptoms of diabetes, and identify the main pathophysiologic risks from long-term, poorly controlled diabetes

Answer 1

Answer-

Diabetes mellitus manifests its symptoms as polyphagia , pholydypsia and polyuria ,meaning increased apetite and consumption of food , frequently thirsty and frequent urination respectively.

Poorly controlled diabetes leads to various complications such as-

Diabetic ketoacidosis or diabetic coma is most commonly seen

The main cause is poor metabolic control of blood sugar levels due to insufficient insulin release. The patients would be dehydrated and hyperglycemic with feeble pulse , hypotension, acetone breath, kussmauls breathing . Frequent vomitting and abdominal pain . It develops following stress or infection .

There are macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes or the pathophysiological risks-

Microvascular complications -

Retinopathy ,Neuropathy ,Nephropathy

Macrovascular complications are -

Atherosclerosis, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease.

If this helps please give it a positive rating thank you!