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In: Mechanical Engineering

Question 1 (a)   For the nucleation process, explain the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation. Why...

Question 1

(a)   For the nucleation process, explain the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation. Why heterogeneous nucleation is more common than

homogeneous nucleation.

(b) (i) Sketch and label the cross-section view of common macrostructure of a metal ingot after solidification process.
(ii) If the molten metal is added with 2 wt% of grain refiner, explain how the grain refiner changes the macrostructure of this metal ingot.


(c)   What is the difference between point defect and line defect?

(d)   Briefly explain why vacancies and self-interstitials are considered as the crystal defects?

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