A feed of 4,535 kg/h of a 2% wt. salt solution at 38 C enters
continuously...
A feed of 4,535 kg/h of a 2% wt. salt solution at 38 C enters
continuously a single-effect evaporator and is being concentrated
to 3% wt. The efficiency of the evaporator is at 85%. The
evaporator is at atmospheric pressure and the area of the
evaporator is A= 69.7 m2. Saturated steam at 110 C is supplied for
heating (90% quality). Since the solution is dilute, it can be
assumed to have the same boiling point as water. The heat capacity
of the feed can be taken as Cp=4.10 Kj/kg C. If the evaporator is
operating at atmospheric pressure 101.3 kPa (absolute). Calculate
Amount of steam needed (kg/h) per one kg/h of water
removed
Calculate overall heat transfer coefficient, U. if the heat
exchanger works in a counter-current flow
Solutions
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Fresh feed containing 55 wt% A and 45 wt% B flowing at 100kg/h
enters a separation system that removes a portion of pure component
A only, as a bottom product. The top product stream (tops) of the
separator unit contains 10 wt% of componenet A and the balance is
B. A small part of the tops stream is recycled and mixed with the
fresh feed stream- the remainder of the tops stream is purged. The
separtor is designed to removed...
A continuous single effect evaporator concentrates 9072 kg/h of
10 wt% salt solution to a product of 50 wt% solid. The pressure of
the saturated steam used is 42 kPa (gage) and the pressure in the
vapor space of the evaporator is 20 kPa (abs). The overall heat
transfer coefficient is 1988 W/m^2K a) calculate the steam used,
steam economy and area if the feed temperature at 288.8k (15.6 c)
b) predict the new product composition if the feedrate is...
A single-effect evaporator is concentrating a feed of 9072 g/h
of a 10 wt% solution of NaOH in water to a product of 50% solids.
The pressure of the saturated steam used is 42 kPa (gage) and the
pressure in the vapor space of the evaporator is 20 kPa (abs). The
overall heat-transfer coefficient is 1988 W/m2*K. a) calculate the
steam use, steam economy and area if the feed temperature at 288.8
k (15.6 c) b) predict the new product...
Water at 15°C enters a tube of 2 cm of diameter with flow rate
3953 kg/h. Assume the ratio L/D >10, and the wall temperature is
constant at 80◦C. The outlet temperature is 50°C The properties of
water at the film temperature are density rho = ? = 985 ?/?3,
specific heat ?p = 4180 ?/?, conductivity ? = 0.651 ?/?, dynamic
viscosity mu= ?? = 4.71 × 10−4 ?/?, At the wall temperature of 80°C
we have dynamic viscosity...
). A 15 wt% Na2SO4 solution is fed at the rate of 12 kg/min into
a miser that initially holds 100 kg of a 50-50 mixture (by weight)
of Na2SO4 and water. The exit solution leaves at the rate of 10
kg/min. Assume uniform mixing, which means that the concentration
of the exit solution is the same as the concentration in the mixer.
(a) What is the total mass in the mixer at the end of 10 minutes?
(b) What...
A tank contains 60 kg of salt and 1000 L of water. Pure water
enters a tank at the rate 12 L/min. The solution is mixed and
drains from the tank at the rate 6 L/min.
(a) What is the amount of salt in the tank initially?
amount = (kg)
(b) Find the amount of salt in the tank after 3 hours.
amount = (kg)
(c) Find the concentration of salt in the solution in the tank as
time approaches infinity. (Assume...
A tank contains 90 kg of salt and 2000 L of water: Pure water
enters a tank at the rate 8 L/min. The solution is mixed and drains
from the tank at the rate 4 L/min. What is the amount of salt in
the tank initially? Find the amount f salt in the tank after 4.5
hours. Find the concentration of salt in the solution in the tank
as the time approaches infinity. (Assume your tank is large enough
to...
A mass of 70 kg of 15-wt-% solution of
H2SO4 in water at 70 oC is mixed
at atmospheric pressure with 110 kg of 80-wt-%
H2SO4 at 38oC. During the process
heat in the amount of 20,000 kJ is transferred from the system.
Determine the temperature of the product solution
An evaporator is used to concentrate 4536 kg/h of a 20% NaOH
solution entering at 60?C to a product of 50% solids. The pressure
of the saturated steam used is 170 kPa and the vapour space
pressure of the evaporator is at 12 kPa. The overall coefficient U
is 1560 W/m2K. Calculate the steam used, the steam economy (kg
vaporized / kg steam used) and the heating surface area.
A tank contains 9,000 L of brine with 11 kg of dissolved salt.
Pure water enters the tank at a rate of 90 L/min. The solution is
kept thoroughly mixed and drains from the tank at the same rate.
(a) How much salt is in the tank after t minutes?
(b) How much salt is in the tank after 10 minutes? (Round your
answer to one decimal place.)