Question

In: Statistics and Probability

Consider the data contained in the Excel worksheet named Cell Phones. This data set contains monthly...

Consider the data contained in the Excel worksheet named Cell Phones. This data set contains monthly phone bills (in dollars) for a random sample of 50 cell phone users.

a. Use the data set to conduct a one sample t-test to determine whether the expected bill amount equals $65 or is greater than $65. What is the p-value associated with the test?

b. Construct a 95% confidence interval on expected bill amount.

c. Do the data provide sufficient evidence to reject the claim that the expected monthly phone bill amount is $65? Explain. d. Assess the normality of the data and comment on whether or not the one sample t-test is appropriate for this proble

BILL
41.72
69.04
98.13
128.82
60.31
39.66
74.31
79.97
64.75
46.89
142.38
30.70
58.65
44.14
56.11
78.35
73.58
54.67
92.01
87.17
87.93
60.40
101.19
88.34
168.69
101.72
105.10
71.42
44.66
61.56
53.77
57.55
85.14
57.69
51.25
60.75
66.27
80.90
50.23
78.34
72.05
111.45
65.07
66.88
46.53
43.17
78.15
64.24
83.62
51.29

Solutions

Expert Solution

    Let X be the bill amount                                  
   Using Excel function average and stdev.s find the sample mean and sample standard deviation                                  
   n =   50       Sample Size                      
   x̅ =    72.7342       Sample Mean                      
   s =   26.7835       Sample Standard Deviation                      
   μ =   65       Population Mean                      
   Let α = 0.05            Level of significance = 5%                      
                                      
a)    Since we have to test if the expected bill amount is greater than $65                                  
   This is a one-side right tailed test                                  
   The null and alternate hypotheses are                                  
   Ho : μ = 65                                  
   Ha : μ > 65                                  
   Test statistic t is given by                                   
                                                                      
   df = Degrees of freedom = n - 1 = 50 -1 = 49                                  
   We find the p-value using Excel function T.DIST                                  
   p-value = 1 - T.DIST(2.0419, 49)                                  
                    = 1 - 0.9767                                  
   p-value = 0.0233                                  
                                      
b)   To find 95% confidence interval for mean                                  
   Degrees of freedom = df = n - 1 = 50 - 1 = 49                                  
   For 95%, α = 0.05                                  
   From Excel function T.INV.2T(0.05, 49)                                   
   t = T.INV.2T(0.05, 49) = 2.0096                                  
                                      
   Confidence interval is given by                                  
                                                               
   = (65.12, 80.35)                                  
   95% confidence interval is ($ 65.12, $ 80.35)                                 
                                      
c)   p-value = 0.0233                                  
   Since 0.0233 < 0.05                                  
   that is p-value < α                                  
   Also $65 does not lie within the 95% confidence interval of ($ 65.12, $ 80.35)                                  
                                      
   Hence we reject Ho                                  
   Conclusion :                                  
   Reject Ho                                  
   There is sufficient statistical evidence to REJECT the claim that                                  
   the expected bill amount is $65  
                               
                                      
d)   Sample size is 50, which is sufficiently large                                  
   By Central Limit theorem, the distribution of the sample mean for large samples tends to be a Normal Distribution                                  
   But the population standard deviation is not known.                                  
   Hence, the ideal test to use when population standard deviation is not known is the t-test                                  
   One sample t-test is appropriate for the probe                                 
                                


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