What is the net reaction that HIV protease catalyzes. \ list the substrates and products

What is the net reaction that HIV protease catalyzes. \ list the substrates and products

Expert Solution

HIV - Juman Immunodeficiency Virus is a reverse transcribing RNA virus. It contains 2 copies of RNA inside the virus particle.

gp60 which is cleaved into gp120 and gp40 mediate attachment and membrane fusion.

HIV protease is a Asp protease enzyme consisting of 99 amino acids and forms a homodimer. The active site has a 2-fold axis of symmetry and a conserved Asp-Thr-Gly sequence.

It catayzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. The Asp residues are involved in a general acid-base catalytic mechanism. Only one of the Asp is in the unprotonated state while the other is in the protonated state.

Gag-pol polyprotein auto-cleavage is required to generate the HIV protease and then the protease takes over.

M - Matrix protein

Cap - Capsid protein

S1 - Spacer peptide 1

Nc - Nucleocapsid

S2 - Spacer peptide 2

TFP - TransFrame peptide

Pr - HIV protease

RT - Reverse Transcriptase

Int - Integrase

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