Question

Evolution by natural selection is an emergent property of the structure of DNA. According to the theory, individuals vary in form and behaviour in heritable ways, which leads to different survival rates of their offspring.

True or False?

The type of evolutionary relationship shown in phylogenetic trees is called horizontal gene transfer. Endosymbiosis is not an example of horizontal gene transfer.

True or False ?

biology involved Evolution and natural selection

Answer 1

1. The first statement is a TRUE statement. The DNA molecule is composed of different nucleotides and these nucleotides form the DNA. The sequence of these nucleotides form many different proteins and regulatory molecules that have the information for many developmental pathways. If there is a change in the DNA molecule or mutation occurs then the structure of the DNA i.e., the nucleic acid sequence will be changing and also the proteins coded by them also change and hence the individuals vary in form and behaviour in heritable ways, which leads to different survival rates of their offspring.

2. The horizontal gene transfer is a technique by which two organisms tend to exchange their genes for the recombination of the genes. This transfer may be unidirectional or bidirectional. The best example of this comes from endosymbionts where the HGT occurs between the eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells and thereby forming the mitochondria and chloroplasts inside the eukaryotic cells. Hence endosymbiosis is an example of HGT.

The given statement is FALSE.

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