Question

Please, explain your answer clearly (step-by-step), so I can trace the output without using the Visual Studio Program.

Please, clearly describe how the mechanism of the loop works.

The answers in bold.

1. What is printed by the following code snippet?

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)

{

   for (int j = 0; j <= i; j++)

   {

      cout << i << " ";

   }

}

1. 1. 0 1 2 3 4 5
   2. 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4
   3. 0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4
   4. The code will not run due to a syntax error.
   5. 0 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4
2. What is the output of the following code snippet?
3. int my_fun(int A[], int size)

4. {

   int result = 0;

   for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)

   {

      result = result + A[i];

   }

   return result;

   }

   int main()

   {

     int myarr[10] = { 2, 4, 10, 1, 2, 4, 8, 1, 2, 1 };

     for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)

     {

      cout << my_fun(myarr, myarr[i]);

     }

   }

5. 1. 026
   2. 6435
   3. 61735

Answer 1

Code Snippet 1:

OUTPUT:

0 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4

Explanation:

The line by line description of the source code is given below:

//outer for loop
//this loop will be executed five time for i= 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
//inner for loop
//the repetition of this loop depend upon the outer for loop
//for i = 0, this loop will execute for one time and print 0 with space
//for i = 1, this loop will execute for two times and print 1 with space
//for i = 2, this loop will execute for three times and print 2 with space
//for i = 3, this loop will execute for four times and print 3 with space
//for i = 4, this loop will execute for five times and print 4 with space
for (int j = 0; j <= i; j++)
{
//print the value of variable 'i' and print the space at the last
cout << i << " ";

//end inner for loop
}
  
//end outer for loop
}

Code Snippet 2:

OUTPUT:

61735

Explanation:

The line by line description of the source code is given below:

//function to calculate the sum of an array of a given size
int my_fun(int A[], int size)
{
//variable declaration and initialization
int result = 0;
  
//the repetiotion of the for loop will depend upon the size
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
//the variable result will be increment array element value of index i
result = result + A[i];
}
  
//return the sum of array
return result;
}

int main()
{
//array declaration and initialization
int myarr[10] = { 2, 4, 10, 1, 2, 4, 8, 1, 2, 1 };
  
//this for loop will execute three times for i = 0, 1, and 2
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
//This statement will display the return value of the called function
//the first argument is the address of the array
//the second argument is the size of the array
//For the first iteration, the second argument will pass the value of array first element
//The array first element is 2, so it will pass 2 as a second argument
//the called function returns the sum of the first two elements
//For the second iteration, the second argument will pass the value of array second element
//The array second element is 4, so it will pass 4 as a second argument
//the called function returns the sum of the first four elements
//For the third iteration, the second argument will pass the value of array third element
//The array third element is 10, so it will pass 10 as a second argument
//the called function returns the sum of first 10 elements
cout << my_fun(myarr, myarr[i])<<" ";
}
}