In addition to maintaining pH, another important consideration when generating a buffer is the ionic strength...

In addition to maintaining pH, another important consideration when generating a buffer is the ionic strength of a buffer. The ionic strength refers to the number of ions in a solution. Ions help to increase the solubility of species in a solution. How would ions increase the solubility of species in a solution? If the ionic strength of a solution is too high, the species in the solution precipitate. Why?

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Expert Solution

Ionic strength is a measure of the total ion concentration in solution----but ions with more charge are counted more due to stronger electrostatic interactions with other ions. Due to higher concentration of inert ions in the solution “shields” the ions in the equilibrium with counter-cations and counteranions in their “ionic atmosphere” and decreases the tendency for ions to come closer and to come together to form crystals hence increases the solubility of the solution.
Due to very high ionic strength salting out phenomenon observed when the solubility of a nonelectrolyte compound in water decreases with an increase in the concentration of a salt. When the salt concentration is increased, some of the water molecules are attracted by the salt ions, which decreases the number of water molecules available to interact with the counter ions and thus solubility decreases .

queen_honey_blossom answered 1 month ago

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