In: Biology
How would the mutation described above, changing a lysine to an arginine alter the histone code if this lysine was located on the histone tail? What possible effects could this have? Histone proteins are the most conserved proteins of all eukaryotic proteins. That is to say that there is very little variation in the sequence of amino acids from one species to another. Why do you think this is? Please note that this is a 10 point question, please provide ample evidence.
The changes from lysine to an arginine alter the histone code.The nucleosome is made up of DNA( double stranded) which is wrapped around a protein octamer which contains two copies each of histone proteins H2A,H2B,H3,and H4. The histone proteins are subject to a wide array of post which includes the translational modifications includes methylation, citrullination (deimination), acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination occurs within the histone core region as well as on the N-terminal tails.
Also, future improvements are needed to understand the functioning of methylation of a histone core residue, Lys-79, in favour of the more exposed residue of lysine present in the N-terminal of histone tails.
All the organisms with mutations in histone coded DNA will not survive. That is the organisms with perfect histone protein will only survive.
A very little variation in the sequence of amino acid impact from species to species. Because the order of deoxyribonucleotide base in a gene determines the aminoacid sequence of a particular protein.