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In: Biology

is a 25-year old female who has not been feeling well for the past 6 months....

is a 25-year old female who has not been feeling well for the past 6 months. She is frustrated that she has been gaining weight no matter how much she exercises, and complains to her mom, “I’m always cold, even if I wear my big jacket!” Furthermore, her neck appears enlarged. Her mom has hypothyroid herself, (for which she takes Thyrolar) and recognizes her daughter’s symptoms. “You should make an appointment with your doctor and get some blood work done,” she says. she listens to her mom and gets the necessary bloodwork done. Later that week, her results finally arrive, and just as suspected – she has hypothyroidism, and is prescribed Synthroid.

6) What should her bloodwork show for T3, T4, and TSH?(High, Low?) Use the HPA for the thyroid gland to explainyour answer for full credit.

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Expert Solution

Answer with discussion and explanation :

Hypothalamus secretes thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) which acts on anterior pituitary to stimulate release of Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). The TSH in turn binds at TSH receptors on thyroid gland to stimulate synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones : T4 (Thyroxine) and T3 (Triiodothyronine).These released thyroid hormones are essential for many metabolic reactions of the body and they also send negative feedback signals to hypothalamus and pituitary to inhibit excess stimulation of thyroid gland. This comprises hypothalmo- pituitary - thyroid axis.

As patient is hypothyroidi with symptoms of cold intolerance, weight gain and goitre, she is likely having primary hypothyroidism. As her age is 25 years, and has family history, she is likely to have autoimmune Hashimoto thyroiditis induced hypothyroidism.

Her T4 and T3 levels will be lower which are responsible for her most of the metabolic signs and symptoms. Due to deficient thyroid hormones, there will be lack of feedback inhibition to hypothalamus and pituitary, so her TSH level will be higher than normal which will excessively stimulate thyroid gland and will cause enlargement of thyroid gland (neck swelling) in an attempt to normalise thyroid hormone secretion.

Hence, T4 and T3 will be lower than normal while TSH level will be raised.

gladiator answered 2 years ago
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