Explain why ICP-MS is more sensitive than ICP-AES.

Expert Solution

ICP-MS (Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry) and ICP-OES (Inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry), both are employed to detect the specific element.

Characteristics	*ICP-MS*	ICP-OES
Autosampling plasma	Argon based plasma	Argon based plasma
measurment	atomic mass of ions and atoms	wavelength of light emitted by ions and atoms
lower detection limit	in parts per trillion (ppt)	in parts per billion (ppb)
sensitivity	highly sensitive (expensive option)	more vigorous in action (cheaper and less selective)
type of samples	low matrix samples: diluted ones, less concentrated to keep up with the multielement detection feature. It has low tolerance for TDS analyses samples with low regulatory limits. Isotopic analysis can be done	high matrix samples like: containing high percentage of dissolved solids (TDS), suspended solids. Robust for analysing the samples: ground water, wastewater, soil, and solid waste, elements with high regulatory limits

The argon-based plasma is used in aqueous aerosols and offers high energy for drying, dissociation, atomization, and ionization of the analytes.

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