find the least exothermic electron affinity to the most O, S (ANS:O<S) identify two exceptions to...

find the least exothermic electron affinity to the most O, S (ANS:O<S)

identify two exceptions to the general trend of ionization energies in going across the period from LI to Ne. Explain why these exceptions occur.(ANS:B,O)

Expert Solution

Electron affinity is defined as the amount of energy released when an electron is added to a neutral gaseous atom.

Hence, this is an example of exothermic reaction.

Between oxygen and sulphur, sulphur has more electron affinity due to its large size.

Sulphur atom loses more energy and stabilises more compared to oxygen atom on gaining an electron.

Ionisation energy is defined as the amount of energy required to remove an electron electron from a neutral gaseous atom.

Along the second period ionisation energy varies as shown below:

Li<Be>B<C<N>O<F<Me

This is due to the presence of completely filled and half filled degenerate 2p orbital with electrons.

Completely filled and half filled degenerate orbitals attain more stability due to electron pairing energy.

N - atom is 1s2 2s2 2px1 2py1 2pz1

Half filled degenerate orbitals.

Be atom has 1s22s2 completely filled 2s orbital configuration.

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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