Question

*Weathering, Soil and Mass Wasting*

FILL THE BLANKS

10. The downward movement of material along a curved surface of rupture, which is characterized by the backward rotation of the displaced block, is called a(n) _____.

9. The material accumulated at the base of cliffs where rocks fall is known as _____.

8. Additional weight added to a hillside, which is always the result of human activities, is called _____ .

7. Soils that are a result of intense weathering and are typically found in the tropics are _______.

6. A rapid downslope mass movement of snow and ice is called a(n) ____.

5. _____ is an essential component of soil as it provides nutrients to plants and increases the ability of the soil to retain _____.

4. A(n) ____ soil forms where the parent material has weathered, whereas ____ soil develops from eroded material that was weathered at another location.

3. Geologists call the downslope movement of material under the direct influence of gravity _____ .

2. All slopes are constantly adjusting to new conditions, which means they are in a state of _____.

1. A general term for mass movements of earth is ______.

Answer 1

10)Slumping

It occurs when loose rock moves down the slope. It can be caused by earthquakes, rain, freezing, etc. These moves faster than creep and very similar to creep. It makes a drastic change in territory. It is a type of landslides.

9) Talus

Talus is accumulation of rocks on the base of a cliff or slope. Its reason is mostly mass movement. Further movement of the Talus slope occurs when the slope exceeds the critical angle, which lowers with the material being reduced in friction.

8)Overloading

This is an additional external load on the hillslope section. It is almost always caused by human activities such as the dumping of waste material. This is a one-factor challenging slope's stability because it increases water pressure which decreases its stability.

7)Laterite soil

l

Laterite soil is in reddish and it has clayey material. It forms topsoil in the tropical regions. It is rich in iron and aluminum oxides and formed by weathering of igneous rocks.

6)Avalanche

a

Avalanche is a mass of snow sliding down rapidly to the inclined slope. This phenomenon can be triggered by both natural like temperature changes and human activity. Sometimes it is also called as Snowslides.