Question

can you read and interpret a karyotype

Answer 1

Yes we can read and interpret a karyotype. The analysis can be used to detect abnormalities, defeiciencies ,aberrration in the chrmosomal set to eliminate further passing of these to future generationn.

Karyotypes describe the total number of chromosomal count of an organism and their length, the position of the centromeres, banding pattern, any differences between the sex chromosomes, and any other physical characteristics.

The process of anylsing the chnromosomes is known as Karyotyping in which images of chromosomes are taken through microcopes (preferably electron microcopes ) in order to determine the chromosomal complements of an individual, including the number of chromosomes and any abnormalities. Karyotyping is also used for the establish whether the complete set of chromosomes in a species or in an individual organism and to test to detect this complement or measures the number.

The study of whole sets of chromosomes is known as karyology. The chromosomes are represneted (by rearranging a photomicrograph) in a standard format known as a karyogram or idiogram: in pairs, ordered by size and position of centromere for chromosomes of the same size.

The basic number of chromosomes in the somatic cells of an individual or a species is called the somatic number and is designated 2n. In the gamates (the sex cells) the chromosome number is n (humans: n = 23). Thus, in humans 2n = 46.

In all normal diploid organisms of the animal kingdowm, all of the autosomal chromosomes are present in two identical copies. In ceratin instances there may, or may not, be sex chromosomes. Polyploidic cells have multiple copies of chromosomes and haploid cells have single copies.

Karyotypes can be used for many purposes

1. Such as to study chromosomal aberrations
2. Cellular function, taxonomic relationships, medicine
3. Gather information about past evolutionary events.(karyosystematics).
4. Determionation whether the resulting offspring is Male ot Female ( On 23 chromosme it it is XX then it is feamale and if it is XY then it is male)

Interpretation in human karyotype. Normal humans will have 46 chromosomes

1. Monosomy is having only one chomosome in a homologous pair

2. Trisomy is having 3 homologus chromosomes instead of 2 (one extra) leads to Down Syndrome condition