Question

You are given task to design an experiment to convert 1 kg of water in ice phase at 253 K and 100 kPa into vapor instantaneously.

1.  List down possible assumptions (with justification) to ease your experimental setup idea.

2. Sketch a schematic diagram of your experimental setup

3. Construct one experiment method (with step by step methodology) based on the collected diagram and selected apparatus and items used.

Answer 1

please take a look at the graph. This is the graph of water pressure Vs temperature. we can alos called also phase diagram.

by the gibb's duhem rule we have to change the one parameter (T or P) in according to change the phase of the system.

1) put pressure constant (100Kpa) and change the temperature. If we increase the temperature some of the ice will becomes as liquid water. So we dont require it.

2)now , put the Temperature constant and change the pressure . if we decrease the pressure upto 100pa then the ice will starts to vaporize.

The process which is changing solid to vapor directly is called as sublimation.

to decrease the pressure we to use the low vaccum pump. So further details go through the images which is below attached.