Multiple choice with rationale. Choose the letter of the correct answer and explain briefly why that...

Multiple choice with rationale. Choose the letter of the correct answer and explain briefly why that is the correct answer and why the other choices are incorrect.

What modification in the Pol II enzyme leads to elongation of the polynucleotide chain?

A. Acetylation

B. Dephosphorylation

C. Glucuronidation

D. Phosphorylation

20. Which of the following molecular component/s are observed in the termination phase of protein synthesis?

A. Amino acids, ATP

B. Release factors, GTP

C. Shine- Dalgarno sequence

D. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

Expert Solution

Q1) Of the given options, Acetylation, dephosphorylation and glucuronidation are not involved in the elongation of polynucleotide chain in Transcription by RNA polymerase II. The process that is involved is phosphorylation by an elongation factor P-TEFb which phosphorylates the specific C-terminal residue of Pol II bound to DNA at promoter site.

therefore the option D is correct.

Q2) out of the given options, aminoacids/ATP are required in the initiation phase during which aminoacids are activated and tRNA is charged. Shine-dalgarno sequence is also involved in the initial binding of mRNA with ribosome mandatory for the protein synthesis to occur. AminoacyltRNA synthetase is the enzyme involved in the activation and charging of aminoacids. Only the release factors/GTP are required for termination of protein synthesis which helps in the release of polypeptide from the ribosome. therefore the option B is correct one.

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gladiator answered 2 years ago

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