Question

In: Biology

Genome-wide association studies have identified many genomic loci at which the presence of one or more...

Genome-wide association studies have identified many genomic loci at which the presence of one or more SNPs is associated with altered risk of a particular disease. Almost all of these SNPs have a very small influence on risk of the corresponding disease, typically with effect sizes of less than 1.5. What does it mean to have an effect size of less than 1.5?

Solutions

Expert Solution

SNPs represent the single-nucleotide polymorphism sites in individuals of same species which confers them either a benefit or deleterious effect with respect to a stressor/stimulus. In this regard, the presence of SNPs has been very extensively exploited to develop therapeutic strategies which are targeted to delineate the deleterious effects arising due to SNPs. Hence, the comparative analysis of SNP between affected and unaffected individuals is usually made in order to develop a therapeutic strategy.

In this regard, it is important to understand that an SNP based study is made by counting the large population size and normalizing this data with the number of SNPs observed. Thus, the final fraction generally comes out to be nearly 1.3-1.7 or nearly 1.5. This means that every time an SNP arrives in the genome at a partticular location, it is likely by 1.5 times that it will produce a pathological effect.


Related Solutions

During the analysis of the genomic sequence of the mouse genome, you have found a gene...
During the analysis of the genomic sequence of the mouse genome, you have found a gene that you suspect may be involved in resistance of infection to bubonic plague. You want to test your suspicions by creating a knockout mouse. Outline the steps you would have go through to create such a mouse that is homozygouse for disruption of both copies of this gene. Plese include terms like ES cells, neomycin, positive-negative selction, homologous recombination, blastocyst, and chimera.
A genome-wide association study can identify new variants associated with a condition, and the data can...
A genome-wide association study can identify new variants associated with a condition, and the data can be used to calculate an odds ratio, which is the ratio of the odds of having a condition if an individual has a variant. For example, a variant with an odds ratio of 3 means that individuals with that variant are three times more likely to have the condition than those who do not. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A variant...
John Wennberg and colleagues have identified wide variations in the utilization rates for particular services that...
John Wennberg and colleagues have identified wide variations in the utilization rates for particular services that do not seem to be justified based on medical or patient preferences. What are some ways to reduce these variations?
How many chromosomes are in the genome of Dog ? Answer 39 Which Amino Acid is...
How many chromosomes are in the genome of Dog ? Answer 39 Which Amino Acid is translated from the codon CCU Answer Pro I know the answers. What I am asking is how can you tell me in detail how to solve it please its for bioinformatics.
Which do you suppose is likely to contain more G-C pairings in the genome versus more...
Which do you suppose is likely to contain more G-C pairings in the genome versus more A-T pairings. A) An organism living in your throat (37 C) B) An organsim living in hot springs (55 C) Choose one and explain why.
Choose a business having a substantial mobile e-commerce presence and one ideally with which you have...
Choose a business having a substantial mobile e-commerce presence and one ideally with which you have had some experience. In 1000 word case analysis, critique the suite of services provided by the business by analyzing the advantages and possible deficiencies of this service. Ideally, if you use the service yourself, use your own personal experiences as data for this analysis, but also indicate how other people might have differing perceptions in regard to the value of these mobile services.
Discuss recent applications of epidemiology. ◦ Introduce important studies in which epidemiologists identified risk factors for...
Discuss recent applications of epidemiology. ◦ Introduce important studies in which epidemiologists identified risk factors for cancer, heart disease, AIDS, and other conditions.
recent applications of epidemiology. ◦ Introduce important studies in which epidemiologists identified risk factors for cancer,...
recent applications of epidemiology. ◦ Introduce important studies in which epidemiologists identified risk factors for cancer, heart disease, AIDS, and other conditions. ◦ Explain applications of epidemiology for the study of infectious disease, environmental health, chronic disease, psychological and social factors in health, and molecular and genetic studies.
Which of the following is true? Many large U.S corporations have more sales and profits in...
Which of the following is true? Many large U.S corporations have more sales and profits in foreign companies than in the U.S. The U.S. has lower corporate taxes than most other industrialized nations. Legally, a U.S. corporation must have the majority of its sales in the U.S. Globalization has harmed the sales of most U.S. corporations.
Suggest one or more types of graph that would be appropriate for showing an association between...
Suggest one or more types of graph that would be appropriate for showing an association between each of the following variables. If more than one type is appropriate, indicate what additional factors would influence your choice, if any. (One mark each). a) Plant height (cm) and fertilizer type (N, P or K) b) The proportion of tadpoles surviving to adulthood and the concentration of a pesticide in the environment c) The proportion of individuals contracting seasonal flu and the vaccination...
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT