Question

Sedimentary rocks and Running water, what two spheres do they represent and how are they linked? Let's get a discussion going.

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Answer 1

All the living and nonliving materials of the earth can be subdivided into four major spheres. These spheres include:

Lithosphere, biosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere.

All the living organisms of the world are included within "biosphere". All the gaseous materials are grouped into "atmosphere".

Lithosphere refers to the uppermost layer of the Earth. This is remaining over the asthenosphere layer, which is semi molten in nature. Lithosphere is the uppermost hard cover surface of the earth. All the rocks that we encounter on the surface of the earth are included in the lithosphere grouping.

Hydrosphere,on the other hand, includes all the water on the surface of the earth. Hydrosphere includes both the oceanic salt warters and running freshwaters of the rivers and lakes.

Chemical reactions relate these two spheres. chemical reaction between the anhydrous minerals of rocks and the water results in the hydrolysis of the minerals. Water is included in this process in the crystal structures of these minerals. Water of hydrosphere also helps in the melting of rocks at the collisional subduction zones. In these areas, hydrosphere's rocks are subducted into the mantle. At the high temperatures of the mantle these rocks are melted and rises upward as Lava. When this molten lava solidifies after reaching the surface of the earth or beneath the surface, they form igneous rocks. By this way water from the hydrosphere is included in the rocks or in the lithosphere.