Question

COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE MALE AND FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS WITH EMPHASIS ON HUMAN SEXUAL BIOLOGY.

Please explain in depth

Answer 1

Components:

Male: Male reproductive organ testis is like ovary in female reproductive organ ovary. Testis is composed of 900 coiled seminiferous tubules, in which sperms are formed. The sperms are then empty into the epididymis, it leads to vas deferens immediately before the vas deferens enters into the prostate gland. There are two seminal vesicles , one on each side of the prostate, empty into the prostatic end of the apulla and the contents from both the ampulla and the seminal vesicles pass into an ejaculatory duct to the prostate gland and then to the utethra. Utethra is the last connecting link from the testis to the exterior.

Female: The main organs of female reproductive system including ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina. Reproduction begins with the development of ova in the ovaries. The reproductive cycle is approximately 28days in duration and can be divided into three phases like, follicular phase (1-13), ovulation and the luteal phase (14-28 days). In the middle of each monthly cycle, single ovum is expelled from an ovarian follicle into the abdominal cavity near open fimbriated ends of two fallopian tubes. This ovum then passed through one of the fallopian tubes into the uterus; then if fertilizer by a sperm, it implants in the uterus, where it develops into a fetus and then into a baby.

• Spermatogenesis occurs in the testis, Leydig cells present in the testis , secrete testosterone the main male reproductive hormone; and the Sertoli cells support spermatogenesis for production of mature sperms.
• Oogenesis occurs in the ovaries for production of ovum or the mature egg. Different hormones like FSH, LH from the anterior pituitary, and estrogen and progesterone , the ovarian hormone acts in the production of mature egg and follicular development.
• There are a monthly reproductive cycle found in the female , called the menstrual cycle. Where as in male there is no such cycles.
• Pituitary - testis axis regulates the testucular function in male by releasing different hormones like FSH , LH . As well as in females the hypothalamic- pituitary unit regulates menstrual cycle by pulsatile secretion of GnRH from hypothalamus and FSH and LH from anterior pituitary.
• Main male gonadotropin hormone is testosterone where are in female main gonadotropin hormones are estrogen and progesterone.