A patient comes to you complaining about her inability to digest fats properly. She would like...

A patient comes to you complaining about her inability to digest fats properly. She would like you to explain to her how fats, carbs, and proteins are digested.(Answer in detail please)

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Expert Solution

i. Inability of digestion of fats properly in the given case would be due to deficiency of lipase, bile salts deficiency, malabsorption or fatty acid metabolism disorder.

ii.

a. Digestion of fats:

Area	Juice	Enzymes	Substrates	End product
Mouth	Saliva	Lingual lipase	Triglycerides	Fatty acid and 1,2 diacylglycerol
Stomach	Gastric juice	Gastric lipase (weak lipase)	Triglycerides	Fatty acids and glycerol
Small intestine	Pancreatic lipase	Pancreatic lipase	Triglycerides	Monoglycerides, Fatty acid
		Cholesterol ester hydrolase	Cholesterol ester	Free cholesterol and fatty acid
		Phospholipase A	Phospholipids	Lysophospholipids
		Phospholipase B	Lysophospholipids	Phosphoryl cholline, free fatty acids
	Succus entericus	Intestinal lipase	Triglycerides	Fatty acids and glycerol (weak action)

b. Digestion of Carbohydrates:

Part of Gastrointestinal tract	Juice	Enzyme	Substrate	End-product
Mouth	Saliva	Salivary amylase	Polysaccharides	Disaccharides-Dextin and maltose
Stomach	Gastric juice	Gastric amylase	Weak amylase	Action is negligible
Small intestine	Pancreatic juice	Pancreatic amylase	Polysaccharides	Disaccharides-Dextrin, maltose and maltriose
	Succus entericus	Sucrase	Sucrose	Glucose and fructose
		Maltase	Maltose and maltriose	Glucose
		Lactase	Lactose	Glucose and galactose
		Dextrinase	Dextrin, maltose and maltriose	GLucose
		Trehalase	Trehalose	Glucose

c. Digestion of proteins:

Part	Juice	Enzyme	Substrate	End product
Mouth	Saliva	No proteolytic enzyme	---	----
Stomach	Gastric juice	Pepsin	Proteins	Proteoses, Peptones, Large polypeptides
Small intestine	Pancreatic juice	Trypsin	Proteoses and peptones	Dipeptides, tripeptides, polypeptides
		Chymotrypsin	Proteoses and peptones	Dipeptides, tripeptides, polypeptides
		Carboxypeptidases A and B	Dipeptides, tripeptides, polypeptides	Amino acids
	Succus entericus	Dipeptidases	Dipeptides	Amino acids
		Tripeptidases	Tripeptides
		Amino peptidases	Large polypeptides

So, the end products of digestio are glucose (from carbohydrates), amino acids (from proteins) and fatty acids and glycerol (from lipids)

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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