Question

Give an example of a load-bearing orthopedic device. What properties should this device exhibit in order to be termed biocompatible? Briefly describe three possible mechanisms of metallic implant corrosion

Answer 1

A load bearing orthopadic device is medical device Manufactured to replace a missing joint or bone or to support a damaged bone.

The medical implant is mainly fabricated using stainless steel and titanium alloys for strength and the plastic coating that is done on it acts as an artificial cartilage

properties of biocompatible orthopadic device

1. Biomaterials are commonly used in orthopedic surgery. The host’s response to an orthopedic biomaterial encompasses the reaction to local tissue trauma, as well as the reaction to the implant itself. The acute inflammatory response to the implantation procedure involves the innate immune system, including recognition of remnants of disrupted extracellular matrix components and cellular elements by pattern recognition receptors on macrophages and other cells.

2. The initial response stimulates a cascade of events leading to tissue reconstitution, fibrosis, or persisting chronic inflammation. The implant characteristics as well as any by-products from the implant also determine the host reaction.

3. Precise surgical technique of implantation as well as the geno type and phenotype of the host are important determinants of implant performance. Whereas the innate immune system is always triggered with implantation of an orthopedic device, in some cases, such as with metal debris, the adaptive immune response can be activated.

Mechanical properties of implant alloys and human bone.
Material	Tensile Strength (MN/m)2	Yield Strength (MN/m)2	Vickers Hardness (Hν)	Young’s Modulus (GN/m)2	Fatigue Limit (GN/m)2
316L SS	650	280	190	211	0.28
Wrought Co-Cr Alloy	1540	1050	450	541	0.49
Cast Co-Cr Alloy	690	490	300	241	0.30
Ti-6Al-4V	1000	970	---	121	---
Human Bone	137.3	---	26.3	30	---

Three possible mechanisms of metallic implant corrosion

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