Question

1. Why would it be beneficial to slow down the rate of a very fast reaction? Give at least one example of a fast reaction that is slowed down. Provide at least one citation for this question. ?

2. What does order mean when discussing kinetics? Discuss the difference between zero, first, and second order reactions and how order can be determined for a reaction. Provide at least one citation for this question. ?

3. If the rate constant is independent of analytical wavelength, why is it still beneficial to use the maximum absorbance wavelength for data collection? ?

Answer 1

1. Any reaction which release toxic fumes or poisonous gas as bioproduct of reaction then it should be slowed down

Formation of phosgene gas COCL₂ is slowed down because it is poisionous.

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2.The order of a chemical reaction is defined as the sum of the powers of the concentration of the reactants in the rate equation of that particular chemical reaction.

aA+bB= cC+dD

rate

Here, and indicate how sensitive the rate is to the change in concentration of A and B. Hence, the order of this reaction is (x+y). Note that x and y may not respectively correspond to the stoichiometric coefficients of A and B.

Zero order= Rate is independent of concentration of reactant

First order= Rate is proportional to concentration of single reactant.

second order= Rate is proportional to concentration of two reactants

Order of a reaction is an experimentally determined quantity. It corresponds to the stoichiometric coefficients only for an elementary reaction (a reaction which occurs in just one step).

CITATION- fogler book, Chemical engineering reaction

3.Using the maximum wavelength gives us the best results. This is because at the peak absorbance, the absorbance strength of light will be at the highest and rate of change in absorbance with wavelength will be the smallest. Measurements made at the peak absorbance will have the smallest error. Thatsy it is beneficial to use the maximum absorbance wavelength for data collection.