Question

Explain how insulin triggers cells to absorb sugar from the bloodstream,

1. Identify symptoms of Type I and Type II Diabetes and discuss how the symptoms relate to blood sugar.
2. What type(s) of diabetic patients would benefit from insulin treatment and why?
3. People using insulin have a risk of being hypoglycemic (low blood sugar). Why might that be?
4. How might a patient’s diet cause “worn out” b-cells?
5. Overweight patients often have decreased insulin receptors on adipose cells. A) Hypothesize this may occur and B) How may this contribute to insulin resistance.
6. Metformin and Prandin are two types of medication that help regulate blood sugar for people with Type II diabetes.   Explain how each work.

Answer 1

1)The rise in glucose triggers the pancreas to release insulin in to blood stream. Insulin cause the uptake of glucose from the blood stream to the tissues. This occours by 2 mechanisms. One is facilitated diffusion ( a passive process) and other is secondary active transport.

2)symptoms of type 1 diabetes

Increased thirst

Frequent urination

Hunger

Fatigue

Blurred vision

Symptoms of type 2 diabetes

Excessive hunger or thirst

Frequent urination

Weight gain / weight loss

Poor wound healing

Blurred vision

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SYMPTOMS AND BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL

Tissues are getting glucose sor energy through insulin. In diabetes either insulin is absent or tissues are insulin resistant. So the cells are not getting enough glucose, this will make you hungry and tired all the time.

3)Insulin therapy is effective in type 1 diabetes. Some times insulin therapy is done in type 2 diabetes also.. Insulin therapy is not effective in insulin resistant cases.